Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of AmericaAudubon, John James
Science
Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America
Audubon, John James
Birds -- North America
Bill very long, excessively depressed, being when viewed laterally very
slender, but when seen from above nearly as broad as the head at the
base, considerably contracted in the middle, and at the end expanded
into a large obovate disk much broader than the head. Upper mandible
with the dorsal outline almost straight, descending at the base,
at the tip decurved, the ridge extremely broad and flat, gradually
widening beyond the nostrils, at the end terminated by the very small,
decurved, blunt claw; the sides declinate at the base, horizontally
flattened towards the end, separated in their whole length from the
ridge by a narrow groove, their margins soft and blunt. Nostrils basal,
oblong-linear, of moderate size. Lower mandible with the angle very
long, narrow, rounded, the crura narrow, and gradually flattened, the
extremity expanded into a flattened disk as in the upper. The mandibles
are covered with soft skin, which for half their length is rough with
roundish plates having their anterior margin somewhat prominent.
Head of moderate size, flattened above. Neck long and slender. Body
compact, ovate. Legs long and rather slender; tibia bare in its lower
half, and reticulate; tarsus rather long, stout, roundish, covered
all round with reticulated subhexagonal scales; toes rather long,
moderately stout, covered above with numerous scutella, but at the
base reticulated; first more slender, articulated on the same plane;
second considerably shorter than third, which is in the same proportion
exceeded by the fourth. Claws moderate, arched, compressed, laterally
grooved, rather obtuse.
The head, gular sac, and a small part of the neck, destitute of
feathers. Those on the neck linear or lanceolate, small, with disunited
barbs; a tuft on the lower and fore part of the neck recurved and
silky. The feathers on the other parts are of moderate length, ovate,
rather compact above, blended beneath. Wings long and very broad;
primaries firm, broad, tapering, but rounded, the second longest, the
third next, the first a quarter of an inch shorter; secondaries broad
and broadly rounded. Tail short, even, of twelve rather broad, abruptly
rounded feathers.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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