Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of AmericaAudubon, John James
Science
Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America
Audubon, John James
Birds -- North America
Bill greyish-black, iris dark brown; feet flesh-coloured, claws
dusky. Head and neck greyish-white; a small black patch about an inch
behind the eye on each side. Upper parts dull bluish-grey, many of the
wing-coverts greyish brown, edged with paler; quills as in the adult;
rump and tail white, the latter with a broad band of black at the end,
the tips narrowly edged with whitish.
Length to end of tail 13-3/8, to end of wings 15-5/8, to end of claws
13; extent of wings 32-1/2 inches. Weight 6 oz.
The white spots on the tips of the wings vary greatly in size, and are
frequently obliterated when the feathers become worn.
Palate with five series of small distant papillæ. Tongue 1 inch 1-1/2
twelfths long, slender, tapering to a slit point, emarginate and
papillate at the base, horny towards the end. Aperture of posterior
nares linear, 9 twelfths long. Heart 1 inch long, 9 twelfths broad.
Right lobe of liver 1 inch 11 twelfths long, the other lobe 1 inch 7
twelfths.
The œsophagus is 6-1/2 inches long, very wide with rather thin
parietes, its average diameter when dilated 10 twelfths, within the
thorax enlarged to 1 inch 2 twelfths. The transverse muscular fibres
are distinct, the internal longitudinal less so; the mucous coat
longitudinally plicate. The proventriculus is 1/2 inch long, with very
numerous small glandules. The stomach is a small oblong gizzard, 10
twelfths long, 8 twelfths broad; its lateral muscles rather large, as
are its tendons. The inner coat or epithelium is of moderate thickness,
dense, with nine longitudinal broad rugæ, and of a brownish-red colour.
The intestine is 24-1/2 inches long, its diameter 2 twelfths. The
rectum is 1-1/2 inch long. The cœca are 2 twelfths long, 1 twelfth in
diameter, cylindrical and obtuse.
The intestine of another individual, a male, is 20-1/2 inches long, 3
twelfths in diameter.
The trachea is 3 inches 10 twelfths long, its diameter at the top 3
twelfths, at the lower part 2-1/4 twelfths, the rings very feeble,
unossified, about 130 in number. The sterno-tracheal muscles are very
slender, as are the contractors; and there is a pair of inferior
laryngeals. The bronchi are of moderate length, with about 18 half
rings.
BUFFEL-HEADED DUCK.
_FULIGULA ALBEOLA_, BONAP.
PLATE CCCXXV. MALE AND FEMALE.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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