Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of AmericaAudubon, John James
Science
Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America
Audubon, John James
Birds -- North America
An adult male obtained near Boston examined. The heart is 2 inches
long; the lobes of the liver are nearly equal, the right being 3 inches
7 twelfths long, the left 3 inches 3 twelfths.
The upper mandible has about 28 recurved conical, acute, horny papillæ,
and an internal series of smaller, on each side; the tip of the unguis
serrulate; on the lower mandible are about 40 of the same nature. The
tongue is 2 inches 1 twelfth long, fleshy, emarginate, and papillate at
the base, tapering, with a double row of slender reversed papillæ along
the upper surface, and two lateral series of filaments on each side;
the tip lacerated, horny on the back. Posterior nasal aperture oblong,
10 twelfths in length, papillate on the edges. Aperture of the glottis
4-1/2 twelfths long. The mouth is 10 twelfths in breadth, but may be
extended to 1 inch 9 twelfths. The œsophagus is 10-1/2 inches long, its
diameter 1 inch 7 twelfths on the neck, contracting to 8 twelfths as it
enters the thorax, but again expanding; the external coat of transverse
muscular fibres very thick; the internal layer of longitudinal fibres
very distinct; the mucous coat thrown into prominent longitudinal
plaits when contracted; the mucous follicles disposed in longitudinal
single series. The proventriculus is 2 inches long, the glandules very
numerous, oblong, about 2 twelfths in length, forming a complete belt.
The stomach is a strong gizzard, of moderate size, 2 inches long, the
lateral muscles 5 twelfths thick; the epithelium very thick, nearly 1
twelfth, longitudinally rugous. In the stomach and gullet was a fish
9 inches long, the portions lying in the stomach and proventriculus
partially dissolved, the rest 4 inches long, not acted upon; there were
also two fragments of quartz, one of them a quarter of an inch long.
The intestine is long, measuring 6 feet 3 inches, its diameter from
5 to 3 twelfths. The cœca are 2 inches long, for half an inch 1-1/2
twelfth in diameter, in the rest of their extent 4 twelfths. The rectum
5 inches long, including the cloaca, which has a diameter of an inch
and a quarter.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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