10. In the middle of the same century a fancy for =Gothic architecture= revived, and many brick buildings were built with pointed arches, doorways, and windows, with turrets and pinnacles, all covered with plaster-work and cement, imitating Gothic mouldings and carvings; but it was only sham Gothic, and not at all satisfactory. 11. Indeed we may say that, as the century went on, houses did not become more beautiful. As the population increased in the town, streets of houses sprang up, some large, some small, built in rows and crescents and terraces, in which all the houses were alike; and very dull and drab and mean-looking many of them have become. When they were built they were made to look neat, or even smart, in front, but little care was taken about the appearance and convenience of their backs. They were not arranged in such a way that each might have a proper amount of light, and that a free current of air could pass through them and around them. 12. In some respects we have improved our houses, but we have much to learn yet. We have, for instance, yet to see that _all_ houses, however small, shall have a proper number of bedrooms, large, light, and airy--for we spend one-third of our lives in them. We have also to see that both beauty and fitness shall be properly considered in building a house. Too often no care is taken to provide proper places where food and clothing can be kept, and where that very necessary but unpleasant process of washing and drying of clothes can be carried on without spoiling the comfort and health of the household. Every house needs a bath-room as much as a grate, for where dirt is there is disease, suffering, and death. =Summary.=--Stone was used for facing large brick houses in the time of Sir Christopher Wren and at the beginning of the next century (Queen Anne's reign). Wren introduced _rubbed brick_, laid with close joints, and the specimens of that period are very good. As the eighteenth century went on, beauty declined. The hall became a mere passage, and the windows were oblong holes in the brick walls. The _doorways_ were often handsome, with porticoes and canopies, some of stone, some of wood. Many of these remain in old town and village streets. The _iron-work_ of that date is often very good indeed. The doors themselves were usually plain, but well made and solid. The windows over the doors, usually called _fan-lights_ from their original shape, give many varieties of shape. _Stucco_ came into use about the middle of the eighteenth century, and became very fashionable, carving being imitated in plaster, and often covering very poor work. Gothic began to revive, but plaster, not stone, was used, and it was a very poor imitation. The fashion for building whole streets, rows, and terraces of houses in the same style came into use. CHAPTER XLIV BUILDING AFTER THE RESTORATION: CHURCHES