United States. Navy -- History -- World War, 1914-1918; World War, 1914-1918 -- Naval operations, American
While Unit B enjoyed the most exciting experience, all the other units
were busy doing their full share of the work, escorting the bombing
vessels and playing their part in the bombardment. When the British
cruiser _Weymouth_ was torpedoed, Units D, C, and H went to her
assistance, and aided in warding off further attack. Though damaged,
the cruiser was safely navigated to port. The boats of Unit D got close
enough to fire at the houses on Cape Laghi.
The attack on Durazzo was a decided success. The city was practically
put out of business as a naval base, and was of little further use to
the Austrians who, defeated on land and sea, soon sued for peace.
The United States naval base at Corfu, where thirty-six of our
sub-chasers were stationed, was established May 24, 1918, by Captain
R. H. Leigh, Commander of Submarine Chasers for Distant Service. The
primary duty of our forces there was to patrol the Straits of Otranto,
the entrance to the Adriatic. That narrow stretch of water, forty miles
wide, from Corfu to the "heel" of Italy, was the only route by which
Austrian and German vessels from Trieste, Fiume, Pola, and Durazzo
could make their way into the Mediterranean.
There was established the Otranto Mobile Barrage, which, though
comprising mines and nets, depended mainly for its effectiveness on
patrol vessels. There were three lines of these, at some distance
apart, two of British vessels, destroyers and trawlers, and the
third, ten miles below, of our submarine chasers, twelve of which
patrolled this line day and night. While this barrage was by no means
"air-tight," and occasionally U-boats slipped through, it proved very
useful and after its establishment there was a material decrease
in submarine activity in that whole region. After the armistice an
Austrian officer said that six U-boats were lost in that area.
Four hundred and forty sub-chasers were built, 340 manned by the United
States Navy, and 100 by the French. They operated in the Atlantic,
Pacific and Arctic Oceans, in the North Sea, in the Adriatic, the
Ionian and Aegean Seas, and the Sea of Marmora. After the armistice,
special duties carried them to Russia, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, to
Austria, Dalmatia, Greece, and Turkey, and parts of Asia Minor.
"How are you going to get them across the Atlantic?" foreign naval
attachés asked, when we were turning out chasers by scores. That was
a problem, sending small boats over 3,000 miles of ocean in wintry
weather. Pluck, daring, endurance and good navigation were required,
but the problem was solved with surprising success.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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