United States. Navy -- History -- World War, 1914-1918; World War, 1914-1918 -- Naval operations, American
We fight against the Hun's ill-treatment of women; let no man be
tempted to do, by insinuation, what we charge our enemies with
doing by force. Let the women of France remember the men of America
as those who would shield them against all harm, even that which
might spring from their defenders.
You would fight the man who insulted your uniform; do not insult
it yourself. Let it not be carried into places of disrepute or
into any discrediting act. We are here for a great, high, and
solemn purpose. Let every personal desire be subordinated to that
righteous purpose, then we will return to our homes clean and proud
and victorious.
CHAPTER XI
GIBRALTAR AND THE CONVOY
AMERICAN VESSELS ESCORTED NINETY PER CENT OF SHIPPING BETWEEN
ENGLAND AND MEDITERRANEAN--GREAT WORK ACCOMPLISHED BY SHIPS UNDER
COMMAND OF ADMIRAL NIBLACK--U. S. NAVAL FORCES MADE POSSIBLE
OPERATION OF CONVOY SYSTEM, ONE OF THE MOST EFFECTIVE MEASURES OF
THE WAR.
Gibraltar was the gateway through which passed one-fourth of all the
shipping of the Allies. When the convoy system was applied to the
Mediterranean, July, 1917, it became the principal convoy port of the
world.
United States naval vessels furnished ocean escort both going and
returning for 90 per cent of all convoys between Gibraltar and Great
Britain--200 of the 225 groups which sailed, 4,269 ships, representing
12,000,000 gross tons. The Mediterranean escort protected 5,120
vessels; our destroyers in that region, 1004; our Marseilles escort
73; and our men-of-war accompanied 12 other special ships, transports,
cable layers and submarines. Thus the United States vessels of this
force escorted a total of 10,478 ships.
Realizing the strategic importance of Gibraltar, the Navy Department,
on July 5, 1917, decided to establish a base there, and on July 14th,
directed 11 vessels, including gunboats and light cruisers, under
command of Admiral Wilson, to prepare for distant service, and sail for
Gibraltar at the earliest possible date. This base, one of the most
important in Europe, was established by the Navy Department on its own
initiative, as had been the bases at Brest and Bordeaux and the Azores.
By the time our vessels arrived it became, for protection of Allied
shipping, a point of prime importance.
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