Aeronautics -- Flights; Arctic regions; North Pole
The oil-tank on a Dornier-Wal stands with one of its sides outside the
engine-gondola’s wall. This side is furnished with cooling-ribs for
cooling off the oil. On our machine the tank was designed right into
the engine’s gondola and therefore any cooling off was unnecessary. In
addition to this capsules were built over the motors so that the heat
from the engines could be kept in the gondolas without cooling down
like the temperature outside. All the pipes were bound many times round
with linen strappings. Certain pipes had the inner layer of bindings
of _felt_. This provision was made both as a means of isolation from
the cold and to prevent “burst pipes.” Experience here in Norway and
in other lands shows us that most motor trouble on a long flight
originates in one or other of the pipes. The motor conducts itself well
generally. Truly I have seldom, if ever, seen a motor-construction so
free from vibration as on our machines and therefore there was little
possibility of burst pipes. As a safety measure, all the same, I regard
such binding as necessary. To the cooling water we added 4% pure
glycerine and thus had a mixture which would not have frozen before we
had -17° c. and we did not have such a low temperature up in the ice
regions. All the same we took the precaution of tapping the water down
on to one of the petrol tanks whenever it was not necessary to be ready
to start at a moment’s notice. By a special contrivance we could pump
the water direct from the tank into the radiator again. We generally
started the engine first, then pumped the water up. I should like to
explain why. The lower part of the intake-pipe was encompassed by a
water-cap through which a smaller quantity of the cooling water is led
for the purpose of warming the pipe. When the propeller starts to turn,
petrol begins to flow, lowering the temperature in the petrol pipe
considerably below atmospheric temperature. The walls of the water-cap
take on the same low temperature immediately. If the cooling mixture at
this time stands at a temperature which is barely a few degrees above
water’s freezing point, one runs the great risk of there being so much
freezing that the exhaust of the cap will be blocked. If this occurs
the cap will in one moment become a solid block of ice, causing the
sides to burst in consequence. Should one, on the contrary, start the
engine first and fill up, the cooling water will thus, in its passage
through the cylinders, be so warmed when it reaches the cap that this
calamity will be avoided.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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