Mississippi │ 26,876 │ 17,548 │ ―――― ║ 7 │ ―― Louisiana │ 18,647 │ 17,255 │ ―――― ║ 6 │ ―― Texas │ 13,552 │ 4,995 │ ―――― ║ 4 │ ―― Arkansas │ 12,179 │ 7,404 │ ―――― ║ 4 │ ―― Missouri │ 38,353 │ 29,984 │ ―――― ║ 9 │ ―― Tennessee │ 57,018 │ 58,898 │ ―――― ║ ―― │ 12 Kentucky │ 53,806 │ 57,068 │ ―――― ║ ―― │ 12 Ohio │ 169,220 │ 152,526 │ 31,682 ║ 23 │ ―― Michigan │ 41,842 │ 33,859 │ 7,237 ║ 6 │ ―― Indiana │ 95,340 │ 80,901 │ 6,929 ║ 13 │ ―― Illinois │ 80,597 │ 64,934 │ 9,966 ║ 11 │ ―― Wisconsin │ 33,658 │ 22,240 │ 8,814 ║ 5 │ ―― Iowa │ 17,763 │ 15,856 │ 1,604 ║ 4 │ ―― California │ 40,626 │ 35,407 │ 100 ║ 4 │ ―― ├───────────┼───────────┼─────────╫─────────┼──────── Totals │ 1,601,274 │ 1,386,580 │ 155,825 ║ 254 │ 42 ═══════════════════╧═══════════╧═══════════╧═════════╩═════════╧════════ [14] Chosen by Legislature. President Pierce could have had a tranquil administration and generally maintained sectional peace if he had not wantonly reopened the slavery issue by assenting to the repeal of the Missouri Compromise and making it a Democratic measure. Kansas and Nebraska, which were north of the Missouri line, whose territory had been solemnly dedicated to freedom by the Missouri Compromise of 1820, that admitted Missouri as a Slave State, were coveted by the slavery extensionists, and they decided not only against the solemnly plighted faith of the nation, but, in disregard of climatic objections, to force slavery in both of those Territories and make them Slave States. The slavery propagandists had failed to gather any substantial fruits for slavery from our Mexican acquisitions, and in the desperation of the suicide they resolved to force slavery into Kansas and Nebraska by a system of violence that was generally described at that time as “border ruffianism,” and that made the name of John Brown immortal.