Our Schools in War Time—and AfterDean, Arthur D. (Arthur Davis)
History
Our Schools in War Time—and After
Dean, Arthur D. (Arthur Davis)
Education -- United States; World War, 1914-1918 -- War work -- Schools
In working out plans for reëducation in the United States we must
have in mind certain principles. There is the necessity of making our
training thorough. Our problem will be not to find employment for
the period of the war, during which there is a constant demand for
workers, but to train the disabled for an occupation in which they
can hold a place after the temporary shortage of labor created by the
war conditions is over. It is obvious that if the men are incompetent
and ill-prepared for their work, they will be weeded out as soon as
skilled men are available. Their work is barred from that demanding
manual strength; nor can it hope to belong to that highly specialized
kind which would demand an arduous and elaborate training. But there
is a wide range of semiskilled occupations where a handicapped man
can earn more than if he should enter after a long course of training
the highly skilled trade where he would meet the competition of the
physically normal.
There are at least three kinds of disabilities our schools will have to
deal with. First, there is the man who has lost his right arm. This man
must, whenever possible, be taught to use his left hand in his trade,
although it is sometimes easier to learn a new process than to change
right-hand to left-hand methods in the old operation. In carpentry,
turning, and machine trades, however, the one-armed man may continue to
be employed, and our vocational schools should incorporate courses in
left-hand training. Here also we find another need: there must be built
for the disabled _left-hand machines_.
Next there is the case of the man who must be instructed in an allied
trade because his former one is pronounced by medical examination and
the tests of mechanotherapy to be impossible. And last there is the
case of the man whose injury makes necessary the fitting of delicately
adjusted prosthesis and a course of expert training before he can
become a wage earner.
Our chief difficulty in our work of reëducation will be to secure the
right kind of teaching force, and it is clear that our government must
establish schools to train our technical instructors how to adapt their
knowledge of trade teaching to the kind of work demanded in giving
instruction to the physically disabled. The selection of the proper
type of teacher is vital to the success of any scheme of reëducation.
The ideal instructor must not only know his trade but be able to suit
his methods to the individual case so as to get the best response from
each man under his direction. At present it seems as if there would be
no way of training instructors except by sending chosen trade teachers
to St. Maurice to study the French methods, that they may return to
this country properly equipped to select and instruct others, until
such time as a government school of the right type is well established
in this country.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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