19. What was said to the Nephites about infant baptism? (Note 6). 20. For what was the sacrament of the Lord's supper instituted? 21. Give Paul's description of the introduction of the sacrament. (Note). 22. About what time was the manner of administering the sacrament changed? 23. What was the nature of those changes? 24. What custom crept into the practice of the Christian church that was forbidden by Jesus among the Nephites? (Note). 25. What can you say of the antiquity of the doctrine of transubstantiation? 26. What is the mass? 27. What reproach did the institution of the mass remove from the Christians? 28. At what cost was the reproach removed? 29. Who introduced pagan rites into Christian worship? 30. Why was it done? (Note 8.) 31. What reason is given for suppressing half the sacrament? {139} SECTION IV. 1. Early Church Organization Not Perpetuated.--We have already stated in Part I of this work that the church organization established by Messiah--consisting of apostles, prophets, seventies, bishops, etc.--was designed to be perpetual. It is a singular fact, however, that aside from filling up the vacancy in the quorum of the twelve--occasioned by the fall of Judas Iscariot--there is no account in any of the writings of the apostles or fathers of the first centuries--on the eastern hemisphere[43]--of any attempt to perpetuate the quorum of the twelve by filling up the vacancies occasioned by the death of the original apostles. The same may also be said of the quorum of the seventies. 2. The reason for this will doubtless be found in the fact that in the very days of the apostles the great apostasy which was to end eventually in the subversion of the Christian religion, had begun. (See note 2, end of section.) And since "the mystery of iniquity" had already begun its work in the days of the apostles, and men were rapidly proving themselves unworthy of the church of Christ, the Lord did not permit his servants to perpetuate these quorums of the higher Priesthood. 3. Establishment of the Church by the Apostles.--Whenever in their travels the apostles converted any considerable number of persons, in a city or district, they organized them into a church, or, speaking more precisely, into a branch of {140} the great universal church of Christ, and appointed either a bishop or an elder to preside over them. As long as the apostles lived they were regarded as the presiding authority of the universal church, and were looked to for counsel and instruction in all difficult matters that arose concerning doctrine or discipline. Their decisions were accepted as final, and well might it be so, since these men were guided in their counsels by revelation[44] as well as by the wisdom which their large experience in company with Jesus Christ had given them.