Oxford (England) -- History; University of Oxford -- History
"Such tenements," says Wood, "were for the better distinction from
others called Stone or Tiled halls. Some of those halls that were
not slated were, if standing near those that were, stiled Thatched
halls. Likewise when glass came into fashion, for before that time
our windows were only latticed, that hall that had its windows
first glazed was stiled, for difference sake, Glazen hall. In like
manner 'tis probable that those that had leaden gutters, or any
part of their roofs of lead were stiled Leaden hall, or in one
instance Leaden porch. Those halls also that had staples to their
doors, for our predecessors used only latch and catch, were written
Staple halls."
Other halls were called after their owners (Peckwater's Inn, Alban Hall,
etc.), or from their position in the street or town, or the patron Saint
of a neighbouring church (S. Edward's Hall, S. Mary's Entry); many from
other physical peculiarities besides those we have mentioned. Angle
Hall, Broadgates Hall, White Hall and Black Hall explain themselves
easily enough, whilst Chimney Hall is a name which recalls the days when
a large chimney was a rarity, a louvre above a charcoal fire in the
middle of the room being sufficient to carry off the smoke. Other halls,
again, were named after signs that hung outside them, or over their
gateways, like ordinary inns or shops. The towering and barbaric
inn-signs always struck foreigners, when first visiting England, with
astonishment not unmingled with dismay. They were thus probably thrown
into a proper state of mind to receive their bills.
The Eagle, the Lion, the Elephant, the Saracen's Head, the Brazen Nose
and the Swan were some of the signs in Oxford. There are a few survivals
from this menagerie.
The Star Inn, now the Clarendon, was built on the site of one of these
old Halls, and the richly-carved wooden gables were visible in the house
next to it. The Roebuck was once Coventry Hall. The Mitre preserved
traces of Burwaldscote Hall. The Angel had similar traces, but the Angel
itself has now given place to the New Schools. Many students, however,
lodged singly in private houses. Chaucer's _poor scholar_ lodged with a
carpenter who worked for the Abbot of Osney.
"A chamber had he in that hostelrie,
Alone, withouten any compagnie,
Ful fetisly ydight with herbes sote."...
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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