Entirely separate from the University in its corporate life and existence, yet federally incorporated in the larger University body, are the twenty-one Colleges or ‘Societies’ of Oxford. Each of these twenty-one States of this larger Academic United States is an independent unit, a self-governing, self-sufficient corporation, with its own traditions, and its own history. The ‘Fellows’ of the College elect their own Head; Christ Church as a Cathedral Chapter is an exception, the Dean of Christ Church being appointed by the Crown. Each College has its own endowments and its own property; each fixes the conditions for admission to membership in the ‘Society’, each is responsible for the discipline and conduct of its members, and provides for their instruction and general welfare. No one can become a member of the University unless he has been previously admitted to some College (or to the body of Non-Collegiate Students). Most Colleges require candidates for admission to pass an entrance examination, practically the equivalent of the first University Examination, known as ‘Responsions’. Rhodes Scholars, in virtue of having passed the qualifying examination for the Scholarship, are excused from all other entrance examinations. Four Colleges—Balliol, University, New College, and Corpus Christi College—will admit only those candidates who intend to read for Honours. It is as a member of some College (or of the Non-Collegiate body) that a College-man becomes a member of the University, and it is the higher degree of Master of Arts, conferred by the University upon the graduate who has kept up his connexion with his College, which confers upon him also the privilege of sharing in the government of his Alma Mater as a member of Convocation. Recently, there has been established what is known as the ‘_Non-Collegiate Delegacy_’. This approaches in organization and administration an ordinary Oxford College. But there is this great difference—Non-Collegiate students do not live within College walls, but in lodgings in the city, much on the American or German plan. [Sidenote: Residence.]