For the attainment of the ordinary University degrees there are certain requirements of residence and scholarship. These requirements emphasize the two most conspicuous features of the Oxford system, features which most clearly reflect the dualism between the University and the Colleges, viz. residence within College walls, with all that this means—the Collegiate system,—and the distinctively University function of holding examinations which lead to University degrees; the responsibility for providing the necessary facilities and instruction for passing the examinations resting in the main with the individual Colleges. It is the College which must see to it that all its members who are candidates for University degrees have satisfied, first of all, the statutable residence requirements, and then that they are prepared to meet the examination requirements of the University. No candidate, even though he may be able to pass all the necessary examinations with success, can take his degree without the necessary residence as a member of a College (or of the Non-Collegiate body). This suggests again the great stress laid on the larger aspect of an Oxford education, the great value of the larger Oxford life as described in the preceding chapter. [Sidenote: University Terms.] For all practical purposes the academical year consists of three Terms of eight weeks each:— 1. Michaelmas Term,—beginning on the first Monday after October 10. 2. Hilary or Lent Term,—on the first Monday after January 14. 3. Easter and Trinity Term,—kept continuously as one Term, beginning on the second or third Monday after Easter Sunday, according as Easter falls late or early. For degree purposes, however, Easter and Trinity Terms are reckoned separately, so that _four University Terms_ go to make up a year of residence (or standing).[51] These University Terms may be still further reduced. Michaelmas and Hilary Terms may be kept by a residence of forty-two days respectively; Easter and Trinity Terms by residing twenty-one days in each Term, or forty-eight days in the two Terms conjointly. Residence, or, in the words of the statute, ‘_victum sumendo et pernoctando_,’ is no longer confined to living within the College walls. Candidates for University degrees may under certain conditions ‘pernoctate’ in lodgings. [Sidenote: Lodgings.]