Pagan Origin of Partialist DoctrinesPitrat, John Claudius
Religion
Pagan Origin of Partialist Doctrines
Pitrat, John Claudius
Catholic Church -- Controversial literature; Future punishment; Universalism
In these works which, let this be cursorily said, were written in Latin,
for Tertullian was the first Father who wrote in this language, we read
several times the word _infernus_, synonimous to _Tartarus_, and the
words _ignem eternum_, used in speaking of pains, which will be
inflicted upon the wicked after the general judgment; but nothing
positive in regard to the duration of the punishment, for he might have
used the adjective _æternum_ hyperbolically; nor anything in regard to
the belief of the first Christians in regard to it, nor even of his
contemporaneous Christians. If the dogma of endless hell had been
generally believed by the Christians, he would have certainly mentioned
it in his Apology of the Christian Religion; for one of the main charges
of the Pagans against them was that they were Atheists; and thereby
denied the Elysium and the Tartarus. However, in no one of the fifty
arguments which compose the Apology does he say a word about endless
hell, even about any punishment beyond the grave. He only, in the
forty-eighth argument, says, that there will be a resurrection of the
flesh.
Sextus Julius Africanus, a Christian historian, who wrote in the
beginning of the third century, is altogether silent about the dogma of
endless hell, at least in the fragments of his works which have been
preserved by Eusebe.
Origen was born at Alexandria, in 185. He has been one of the most
talented and learned among the Fathers. He wrote the following works:
Exhortation to Martyrdom; Commentaries on the Holy Scriptures. He
undertook an edition of the Bible in six columns, and headed it
Hexaples. The first column contained the Hebrew text in hebraic letters;
the second, the same text in Greek letters; the third contained the
version of Aquila; the fourth column, the version of Symmaque; the
fifth, that of the Septuagint; and the sixth, that of Theodotion. He
considered the version of the Septuagint as the most authentical. The
Octaples contained, also, two Greek versions, which had been recently
found, and whose authors were unknown. He wrote more than one thousand
sermons; he wrote his celebrated work about Principles, and a treatise
against Celse.
All the above works have not been transmitted to us entire, though the
most of them are, as can be seen in the Bibliotheca Sanctorum Patrum,
published in Paris, in 1826. This Catholic edition, we positively know,
is not as impartial as it ought to be. So much has been written, for
centuries, against Origen and for his justification, that a mere
summary of those writings would fill volumes. Besides, would we make
this summary we might perhaps be suspected of partiality, because
Origen's doctrines are favorable to the bearing of this work; therefore
we shall extract from the works of Feller, a Romish priest and a Jesuit,
what we have to write about his accusation and justification, and about
the summary of his doctrines.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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