[23] A. C. Rapp, Chairman, Test Fence Committee, Pittsburg Branch, Master Painters' Association; John Dewar, member Fence Committee, Pittsburg Branch, Pennsylvania State Association of Master Painters; J. H. James, Chairman, Carnegie Technical Schools' Test Fence Committee; John A. Schaeffer, member Test Fence Committee, Carnegie Technical Schools; Henry A. Gardner, Director Scientific Section, Paint Manufacturers' Association of the U. S. "Two of the members of the inspection party have been impressed with the lumber lottery existing in some field tests, which have been conducted, and feel that when the object of a test is to determine the relative value of paints, such tests should be conducted on a standard grade of wood, such as white pine. The use of cypress, pitch pine, and other faulty woods, is often the cause of the failure of a paint, which on good wood would show up well. For this reason, only the white pine panels painted with white paints were considered in the inspection, the yellow pine panels and cypress panels having been thrown out of the test at last year's inspection. "Checking, cracking, and alligatoring on the painted surfaces were determined by using a magnifying glass. The degree of chalking existing was decided upon by using small pieces of black felt cloth, rubbing them against the surface of the panel; the degree of whiteness removed upon the cloth being indicative of the amount of chalking taking place. General condition was decided upon after carefully weighing the opinion of each member of the inspection party, as regards the general characteristics shown by each paint, such as checking, chalking, scaling, condition for repainting, hiding power, etc. The results have been charted and presented in this manner:[24] [24] An endeavor was made to use uniform terms in reporting on each formula. In some cases it was necessary to bring out more forcibly the condition by the insertion of qualifying remarks. [Illustration: Panel on Left Painted with Single Pigment Paint; Panel on Right Painted with Combination Pigment Paint. Photograph taken after Two Years' Exposure on Pittsburg Test Fence] "=Conclusions Reached from the Test.= The primary object of the test made at Pittsburg was to determine whether a combination paint, made of two or more pigments, would be equal or superior to single pigment paints. After one year's exposure, the combination type of paint proved more durable than the single pigment paints. "It was early apparent that the combination type of paints, that is, those paints made of more than one pigment, indicated in most cases very excellent wear, with a minimum of blackness and a general good condition of surface. TESTS INAUGURATED IN 1907 CHART OF RESULTS OF SECOND ANNUAL INSPECTION OF PITTSBURG TEST FENCE, MAY, 1910