Paint Technology and TestsGardner, Henry A. (Henry Alfred)
Science
Paint Technology and Tests
Gardner, Henry A. (Henry Alfred)
Paint
Test No. 1 (corroded white lead and asbestine film) allowed the
passage of 0.002 gm. ammonium chloride. Test No. 2 (corroded
white lead and zinc oxide film) allowed the passage of 0.0003 gm.
ammonium chloride.
Tests were also made with dilute solutions of other salts such as ferric
chloride, having a dilute solution of potassium sulpho-cyanide on the
reverse side of the apparatus. In the latter case the formation of a
pink color, characteristic upon the mingling of these solutions, was
obtained in a few hours.
=Film-Testing Machine.= A film-testing apparatus, termed a "filmometer"
by its originator, Mr. R. S. Perry, was constructed, with the following
features: A graduated upright tube is fixed by means of sealing wax to
two metallic plates which carry an evenly bored hole, exactly under the
hole in the upright tube. This hole measures exactly one square
centimeter in area, and is circular. The upright tube is graduated into
lineal centimeters and is called the pressure tube.
[Illustration: Gardner Accelerated Test Box]
[Illustration: Perry Film Testing Machine]
Attached to the lower end of this pressure tube, close to the metallic
plates which serve as carriers for the paint film to be tested, is a
side-neck, which is inclined at an angle of 45 degrees to the pressure
tube, and serves the purpose of introducing the mercury, as will be
described later. Immediately under the openings in the metallic plates
which carry the film are arranged two pieces of iron inclined at a
90-degree angle, so arranged that when the pressure of mercury is
applied and causes rupture of the film, the falling mercury shall be
caught between these two insulated plates and cause contact. These two
plates are connected up by wire with a pair of magnets, thence to an
electric bell, and from there to storage batteries which supply the
current.
A film of paint is tested in the following manner: A piece of film one
inch square is cut out and placed between the two metallic plates which
hold the film immediately under the pressure tube. Mercury is run in
from a burette through the side-neck and applies pressure upon the film
by gravity. As the mercury is run in it rises of course in the tubes
until this pressure becomes so great as to finally break the film. At
this point the mercury will run out, and, falling upon the two insulated
iron plates immediately below, will cause contact and close the circuit
which rings an electric bell, which is a signal for the operator to shut
off the inflow of mercury through the side-neck from the burette.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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