NOTE.--As Leuckart, Davaine, and especially Neisser offer exhaustive analyses of the French and German literature of human hydatids, I will only give the authors’ names attached to such additional foreign memoirs and cases as have been published in England. These are quoted in my ‘Introductory Treatise on the Entozoa.’ Full references will be found in the “Bibliography” of that work under the following heads:--_Andral_ (pulmonary veins), _Angeli_, _Auglagnier_ (bladder), _Baillarger_ (brain), _Boinet_ (liver), _Chaubasse_ (abdominal), _Cruveilhier_ (liver and spleen), _Dupuy_ (hydatids in animals), _Demarquay_ (liver), _Dupuytren_ (muscles and viscera, &c.), _Fouquier_ (lungs), _Gayet_ (liver), _Goyrand_ (liver), _Guérard_, _Guillot_, _Hedinger_ (brain), _Heintz_ (liver), _Held_ (thigh), _Heller_ (lip), _Klencke_ (blood, &c.), _Kuhn_, _Lafforgue_ (liver), _Legroux_, _Livois_, _Luschka_ (liver), _Martinet_ (brain, liver), _Maug_ (hand), _Meissner_, _Micheá_ (brain), _Moissenet_ (liver), _Montault_ (brain), _Morrisseau_, _Nicolai_ (liver), _Oerstelen_ (kidney), _Pohl_ (abdominal), _Quinquirez_ (bladder), _Récamier_ (abdominal), Richard (liver), Roget (lungs), Roux (pelvic), _Rüttel_ (brain), _Schleissner_, _Sichel_, _Sömmering_ (eye), _Skoda_, _Tomowitz_ (bladder), _Zeder_ (brain). Additional references to the echinococcus disease as it occurs in animals will be found at the close of the section devoted to the parasites of Ruminants (Bibliography No. 49), and I shall recur to the subject of mortality from “worms” further on. SECTION III.--NEMATODA (Round Worms). _Trichina spiralis_, Owen.--The progressive triumphs of biological science are well epitomised in the history of the discovery, and in the record of the gradual manner in which we have obtained our present complete knowledge of the structure and development of this small entozoon. Although the facts connected with the original discovery are clear and indisputable, much error still pervades foreign literature on this head. Without a doubt Mr Hilton was the first to suggest the parasitic nature of the capsules first spoken of as “gritty particles.” With Sir James Paget, however, rests the true discovery and determination of the nematoid character of the worm itself. With Professor Owen remains the honor of having first scientifically verified, described, and named the entozoon. Some have sought, without good reason, to alter Owen’s nomenclature; yet not only the generic title, but nearly all else that he wrote concerning the parasite, must be allowed to stand.