Parasites: A Treatise on the Entozoa of Man and Animals: Including Some Account of the EctozoaCobbold, T. Spencer (Thomas Spencer)
Science
Parasites: A Treatise on the Entozoa of Man and Animals: Including Some Account of the Ectozoa
Cobbold, T. Spencer (Thomas Spencer)
Helminths; Parasites
As regards the metamorphoses of the embryo, Manson states that for a
little while after gaining access to the stomach of the mosquito the
embryo undergoes no change (Fig. 40, _a_). In a very few hours changes
commence, resulting in wider separation of the outer skin and an
appearance of transverse markings on the body within (_b_). In the next
stage oral movements occur; the striation becomes more marked, and the
outer envelope is cast off (_c_). Then the striated lines disappear and
a dotted appearance is substituted (_d_). From this condition the embryo
passes to what Manson calls the chrysalis stage, in which nearly all
movement is suspended and the large spots gradually disappear (_e_, _f_,
_g_, _h_, _i_, _j_, _k_). The tail continues to be flexed and extended
at intervals and the oral motions cease. By the close of the third day
the embryo becomes much shorter and broader; but the finely pointed
tail retains its original dimensions, projecting abruptly from the
sausage-shaped body (_m_, _n_). Large cells next appear in the interior
of the body, and by a little pressure one may detect indications of
a mouth (_o_, _p_, _q_, _r_). At this period the embryo begins to
elongate, and at the same time to diminish in width; but the growth
takes place chiefly at the oral end of the body. The mouth becomes
four-lipped, open, and funnel-shaped, and from it a delicate line can
be distinctly traced passing to an opening near the caudal extremity,
the tail itself gradually disappearing (_s_, _t_). Speaking of the most
advanced stage Manson says:--“A vessel of some sort is seen in the
centre running nearly the whole length of the body and opening close to
one extremity. This end is slightly tapered down and is crowned with
three or perhaps four papillæ, but whether this is the head or tail,
and whether the vessel opening near it is the alimentary canal or the
vagina, I cannot say.” Now it is quite evident, I think, from Manson’s
figures that he has here faithfully represented the head and tail,
the former (_u_) to the left, the latter (_v_) to the right. In his
_manuscript_ (from which I am now quoting) there is no special reference
to these two figures; but it is easy to see that these terminal sections
of the body of the advanced embryo closely correspond with the head
and tail of the adult worm (_Filaria Bancrofti_). The curved line
passing to the left (_u_) evidently indicates the commencement of the
partially-formed vagina.
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