Parish life in mediæval EnglandGasquet, Francis Aidan
History
Parish life in mediæval England
Gasquet, Francis Aidan
England -- Church history -- 1066-1485; England -- Social life and customs -- 1066-1485
These interesting accounts also give the names of no fewer than forty
guilds, all more or less connected with the parish church of Bodmin.
Of these, five are trade guilds: the skinners and glovers under the
patronage of St. Petroc; the smiths under St. Dunstan and St. Eloy;
the cordwainers under St. Anian; the millers under St. Martin; and the
tailors and drapers under St. John the Baptist. All the rest of these
fraternities “were,” says the editor of these accounts, “established
for social and religious objects, for the glory of God and the good of
man.” For the “wax gathering,” money was received from (1) the Guild
of St. David in “forestreet;” (2) St. Luke; (3) St. Michael; (4) Holy
Trinity; (5) St. Leodgarius; (6) St. Clare; (7) St. Gregory, Pope;
(8) St. Thomas; (9) B. V. Mary in the porch of the church; (10) Holy
Trinity; (11) St. Katherine; (12) St. Anian; (13) St. Stephen; (14) St.
Mary Magdalene; (15) St. James; (16) Holy Cross; (17) B. V. Mary in the
chancel; (18) B. V. Mary in the chapel of St. Gregory; (19) St. Loy;
(20) St. Petroc; (21) St. John; (22) St. Thomas “in Church hay;” (23)
Corpus Christi.
One purpose of distinct utility to the parish, which was served by
the guilds, was the provision of additional priests for the services
of the church. In this they had the same object as the founders of
chantries had in establishing them. Thus, to take an example, in the
“Chantry Certificates” for Suffolk the purpose of the Guild of the
Holy Ghost at Beccles is stated to have been to keep a priest “to
celebrate in the church,” to “pay the tithes, fifteenths and other
taxes,” and to contribute 40_s._ a year to the poor. A note appended
says that “Beccles is a great and populous town” of “800 houseling”
people, and “the said priest is aiding unto the curate there, who
without help is not able to discharge the said cure. The said Guild is
erected of devotion.” So, too, to take another example, in the parish
of Bingham, in Nottinghamshire, there was “a guild of our Lady to
maintain a priest;” and the Palmer’s Guild of Ludlow, sometimes called
the “Fraternity of St John,” which was maintained partly by endowments
of land and partly through the donations of its members, maintained no
fewer than ten priests out of its funds.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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