noted above, be due to this idea. With the end of this book Gawain's adventures are practically concluded; Wolfram promptly clears the stage for the winding-up of the history of his real hero, Parzival, by bringing the two knights into contact, when Gawain is naturally worsted, and takes the second place. Whether it be due to Wolfram or to his source, it is certain that the _Parzival_ is far simpler in construction than the majority of the Grail Romances, in which the adventures of various heroes succeed each other with such bewildering rapidity and similarity of incident that it is difficult to tell who is the real hero of the tale! Page 89, line 519--'_A child was born of a mother_.' A well-known mediæval riddle, which Wolfram might easily have derived from a German source. Page 90, line 531--'_Of joy had I once full measure_.' It is somewhat curious that in Chrêtien Gawain eulogizes _Guinevere_ in similar terms. It rather looks as if the original passage had been the same in both instances, though it would be difficult to tell to which queen it originally referred. Page 91, line 566--'_Maurin_.' This name occurs in the _Lancelot_ of Ulrich von Zatzikhoven, from which it was probably borrowed. Page 92, line 601 _and seq._--'_And either side had suffered_.' Garel and Gaherjet: cf. Note to Book XII. Iofreit, son of Idol: cf. Book V. p. 155 and Note. Though this character only plays an unimportant part in the poem, he is yet very frequently mentioned, it may be that in the original French source he was more prominent. Friam is probably the same name as Urian, in Book X. Vermandois and Nevers point to a French origin. Page 94, line 658--'_Save the tent of Eisenhart only_.' Cf. Book I. p. 16 and Note. Tents seem to have been favourite love-gifts at this time, note the Booth in Books XI. and XII. given by Anfortas to Orgelusé, and, as we know from _Willehalm_, sent to that king in the first instance by Sekundillé. Page 96, line 733--'_Meljanz of Lys_.' How Meljanz of Lys came to be there is not explained. It is worthy of note that in Book VII. we find the King of Lirivoin fighting against Meljanz, and taken captive by Parzival; _here_ the men of Lirivoin are evidently on the same side. Page 97, line 763--'_The wounds of Kay had been healed_.' Cf. Book VI. p. 169 and Note to Book III. Page 99. line 819--'_A knight his bridle drew_.' This knight is, of course, Parzival, though how he came to be there is not explained. In the _Conte del Graal_ Perceval does not appear on the scene for some time, and passes through a variety of wild and fantastic adventures before finally winning the Grail. The poem, as we possess it, is more than twice as long as Wolfram's.