Pausanias' description of Greece, Volume II.Pausanias, active approximately 150-175
History
Pausanias' description of Greece, Volume II.
Pausanias, active approximately 150-175
Greece -- Antiquities; Greece -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800
As you sail on thence you will come to a small town called Tipha near
the sea. There is a temple of Hercules there, and they have a festival
to him annually. The inhabitants say that from of old they were the
most clever mariners of all the Bœotians, and they record that Tiphys,
who was chosen the pilot of the Argo, was a townsman of theirs: they
also shew a place before their town where they say the Argo was moored
on its return from Colchi.
As you go inland from Thespia towards the mainland you will arrive at
Haliartus. But I must not separate the founder of Haliartus and Coronea
from my account of Orchomenus. On the invasion of the Medes, as the
people of Haliartus espoused the side of the Greeks, part of the army
of Xerxes set out to burn the town and district. At Haliartus is the
tomb of Lysander the Lacedæmonian, for when he attacked the city, the
forces from Thebes and Athens inside the city sallied forth, and in the
battle that ensued he fell. In some respects one may praise Lysander
very much, in others one must bitterly censure him. He exhibited
great sagacity when he was in command of the Peloponnesian fleet.
Watching when Alcibiades was absent from the fleet, he enticed his
pilot Antiochus to think he could cope with the Lacedæmonian fleet,
and when he sailed out against them boldly and confidently, defeated
him not far from the city of the Colophonians. And when Lysander
joined the fleet from Sparta the second time, he so conciliated Cyrus,
that whatever money he asked for the fleet Cyrus gave him freely at
once. And when 100 Athenian ships were anchored at Ægos-potamoi he
captured them, watching when the crews had gone on shore for fresh
water and provisions. He also exhibited his justice in the following
circumstance. Autolycus the pancratiast (whose effigy I have seen in
the Pyrtaneum at Athens) had a dispute with Eteonicus a Spartan about
some property. And when Eteonicus was convicted of pleading unfairly,
(it was when the Thirty Tyrants were in power at Athens, and Lysander
was present), he was moved to strike Autolycus, and when he struck back
he brought him to Lysander, expecting that he would decide the affair
in his favour. But Lysander condemned Eteonicus of injustice, and sent
him away with reproaches. This was creditable to Lysander, but the
following were discreditable. He put to death Philocles, the Athenian
Admiral at Ægos-potamoi, and 4000 Athenian captives, and would not
allow them burial, though the Athenians granted burial to the Medes at
Marathon, and King Xerxes to the Lacedæmonians that fell at Thermopylæ.
And Lysander brought still greater disgrace upon the Lacedæmonians by
establishing Decemvirates in the cities besides the Laconian Harmosts.
And when the Lacedæmonians did not think of making money because of
the oracle, which said that love of money alone would ruin Sparta, he
inspired in them a strong desire for money. I therefore, following the
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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