Pausanias' description of Greece, Volume II.Pausanias, active approximately 150-175
History
Pausanias' description of Greece, Volume II.
Pausanias, active approximately 150-175
Greece -- Antiquities; Greece -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800
They say the most ancient town here was built by Parnassus, who was
they say the son of the Nymph Cleodora, and his fathers, (for those
called heroes had always two fathers, one a god, one a man), were they
say Poseidon among the gods and Cleopompus among men. They say Mount
Parnassus and the dell Parnassus got their names from him, and that
omens from the flight of birds were discovered by him. The town built
by him was they say destroyed in Deucalion’s flood, and all the human
beings that escaped the flood followed wolves and other wild beasts
to the top of Mount Parnassus, and from this circumstance called the
town which they built Lycorea (_Wolf-town_). There is also a different
tradition to this, which makes Lycorus the son of Apollo by the Nymph
Corycia, and that Lycorea was called after him, and the Corycian cavern
from the Nymph. Another tradition is that Celæno was the daughter of
Hyamus the son of Lycorus, and that Delphus from whom Delphi got its
name was the son of Celæno (the daughter of Hyamus) by Apollo. Others
say that Castalius an Autochthon had a daughter Thyia, who was the
first priestess of Dionysus and introduced his orgies, and that it
was from her that females inspired by Dionysus got generally called
Thyiades, and they think Delphus was the son of Apollo and this Thyia.
But some say his mother was Melæne the daughter of Cephisus. And in
course of time the inhabitants called the town Pytho as well as Delphi,
as Homer has shown in his Catalogue of the Phocians. Those who wish
to make genealogies about everything think that Pythes was the son
of Delphus, and that the town got called Pytho after him when he was
king. But the prevalent tradition is that the dragon slain by Apollo’s
arrows rotted here, and that was why the town was called Pytho from
the old Greek word to rot, which Homer has employed in his account
of the island of the Sirens being full of bones, because those that
listened to their song rotted away.[94] The dragon that was slain by
Apollo was the poets say posted there by Earth to guard her oracle. It
is also said that Crius, the king of Eubœa, had a son of an insolent
disposition, who plundered the temple of the god, and the houses of
the wealthy men. And when he was going to do this a second time, then
the Delphians begged Apollo to shield them from the coming danger, and
Phemonoe (who was then priestess) gave them the following oracle in
hexameters, “Soon will Phœbus send his heavy arrow against the man who
devours Parnassus, and the Cretans shall purify Phœbus from the blood,
and his fame shall never die.”
[94] Odyssey, xii. 46.
CHAPTER VII.
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