The final stand-point of the intellect is that in which it perceives the
highest principle to be a self-determining or self-active Being,
self-conscious, and creator of a world which manifests him. A logical
investigation of the principle of "persistent force" would prove that
this principle of Personal Being is presupposed as its true form. Since
the "persistent force" is the sole and ultimate reality, it originates
all other reality only by self-activity, and thus is self-determined.
Self-determination implies self-consciousness as the true form of its
existence.
These four forms of thinking, which we have arbitrarily called
_sensuous_, _abstract_, _concrete_, and _absolute_ ideas, correspond to
four views of the world: (1) as a congeries of independent things; (2)
as a play of forces; (3) as the evanescent appearance of a negative
essential power; (4) as the creation of a Personal Creator, who makes it
the theatre of the development of conscious beings in his image. Each
step upward in ideas arrives at a more adequate idea of the true
reality. _Force_ is more real than _thing_; persistent force than
particular forces; Absolute Person is more real than the force or forces
which he creates.
This final form of thinking is the only form which is consistent with
the theory of education. Each individual should ascend by education into
participation——_conscious_ participation——in the life of the species.
Institutions——family, society, state, church——all are instrumentalities
by which the humble individual may avail himself of the help of the
race, and live over in himself its life. The highest stage of thinking
is the stage of insight. It sees the world as explained by the principle
of Absolute Person. It finds the world of institutions a world in
harmony with such a principle.
[1] The parallelism between these two sciences, Medicine
and Education, is an obvious point, which every student
will do well to consider.
[2] This will again remind the student of the theories of
treatment in medicine in diseases which, in the
seventeenth century, were treated only by bleeding and
emetics, are now treated by nourishing food, and no
medicines, etc.
[3] The teacher will do well to consider the probable
result of the constant association with mental inferiors
entailed by his work, and also to consider what
counter-irritant is to be applied to balance, in his
character, this unavoidable tendency.
[4] The age at which the child should be subject to the
training of school life, or Education, properly so-called,
must vary with different races, nations, and different
children.
[5] The best educator is he who makes his pupils
independent of himself. This implies on the teacher's part
an ability to lose himself in his work, and a desire for
the real growth of the pupil, independent of any personal
fame of his own——a disinterestedness which places
education on a level with the noblest occupations of man.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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