Law of Ine, seventh century. “If any one sell his countryman bound or free, though he be guilty, over sea, let him pay for him according to his wer.”—Stubbs, _Charters_, p. 61. Oxford, 1884. Law of Æthelred. “Christian men and condemned persons are not to be sold out of the country, at least not into heathen nations.”—Thorpe, fol. ed. p. 135. A law of William I. was to the same effect.—R. Schmidt, _Gesetze_, p. 347. Footnote 45: F. W. Maitland, _Domesday Book_, p. 31. Footnote 46: Æthelbert. “If any one slay a ceorl’s hlf-æta, let him make bōt with vi. shillings.”—Thorpe, fol. ed. p. 3. Footnote 47: Thorpe, 8vo ed. i. p. 626. Footnote 48: Thrupp, _Anglo-Saxon Home_, p. 127. Footnote 49: See _Theodori liber poenitentialis_. Thorpe, fol. ed. p. 288. _Poenitentiale Ecberti_, lib. ii. 3. Thorpe, p. 368. Footnote 50: Compare Exodus xxi. 20, 21; “And if a man smite his servant, or his maid, with a rod, and he die under his hand; he shall be surely punished. “Notwithstanding, if he continue a day or two, he shall not be punished: for he is his money.” Footnote 51: Stubbs, _Const. Hist._ p. 89. Footnote 52: Omne damnum quod servus fecerit, dominus emendet.—Thorpe, fol. ed. p. 11. Footnote 53: Maitland, _Domesday Book_, p. 32. Footnote 54: Or he might be scourged thrice, _temp._ Æthelstan. See Thorpe, fol. ed. p. 88. Footnote 55: Laws of Æthelred. D. Wilkins, _Leges Anglo-Saxonicae_, p. 103. London, 1721. Footnote 56: By Alfred’s Dooms rape on a ceorl’s female slave was punished by a five-shilling bōt to the ceorl; if a theow committed the offence, he might be emasculated.—Thorpe, fol. ed. p. 35. Footnote 57: Stubbs, _Const. Hist._ i. p. 25. Footnote 58: Thrupp, _Anglo-Saxon Home_, p. 131. Footnote 59: William Andrews, _Old-Time Punishments_, p. 146. Hull, 1890. Footnote 60: Thrupp, _Anglo-Saxon Home_, p. 144. Footnote 61: E. W. Robertson, _Scotland_, ii. p. 450. Footnote 62: Pollock and Maitland, _Hist._ ed. 1898, ii. p. 450. Footnote 63: See Thorpe, 8vo ed. vol. i. p. 579: “Si quis dominum suum occidet,” etc. Footnote 64: F. Lindenbrog, _Codex legum antiquarum_, p. 498. Footnote 65: For similar laws in ancient Wales and eighteenth-century America, etc., see Westermarck, _Moral Ideas_, i. p. 518. Footnote 66: “Imprisonment,” say Pollock and Maitland, “would have been regarded in those old times as a useless punishment; it does not” (as it was then employed and understood) “satisfy revenge, it keeps the criminal idle, and do what we may it is costly.”—_Hist. Eng. Law_, ed. of 1895, vol. ii. p. 514. Footnote 67: Grant Allen, _Anglo-Saxon Britain_, p. 47. Footnote 68: E. W. Robertson, _Scotland_, p. 295. Footnote 69: Laws of Ine. To fight in the king’s house rendered the offender liable to be put to death.—J. Johnson.