_A dialogue concerning witches and witchcraft. In which is laid open how craftily the Devill deceiveth not only the witches but many others._ London, 1603. And by John Webster, who was sceptical of the miraculous in his _Displaying of supposed Witchcraft_, 1677. Footnote 543: In 1609 a terrible commission scourged the regions round Bordeaux and Labourt in Western France. See P. de l’Ancre, _Tableau de l’inconstance den Mauvais Anges_, 1612. Under Louis XIV. the lurid _Chambre Ardente_ was set up in 1679, and lasted till 1682. La Reynie, the Lieutenant-General of Police, was an active inquisitor. See F. Funck-Brentano, _Princes and Poisoners_; G. Maidment, trans. London, 1901. Footnote 544: _Cautio Criminalis_, 1631. Footnote 545: _Saducisimis Triumphatus_, 1681. Footnote 546: In Dutch, 1681; French translation, _Le Monde enchanté_. Amsterdam, 1684. Footnote 547: _The Certainty of the World of Spirits._ London, 1691. Footnote 548: _The Wonders of the Invisible World: Observations upon the Nature, the Number, and the Operations of the Devils._ Footnote 549: R. Calef, _More Wonders of the Invisible World_. London, 1700. Footnote 550: D. Neal, _History of New England_.—“The prisons were hardly able to hold the number of the accused.” Footnote 551: As it did as late as 1861, round the little village of Morzines in Savoy; see A Constans, _Une Relation sur une épidémie d’hystério-démonopathie_. Paris, 1863. Dr. R. Madden gives a long account of various historical outbreaks in his _Phantasmata_, chap. x. “Maniacal Epidemics, etc.” London, 1857. E. Pronier, _Étude sur la contagion de la Folie._ Lausanne, 1892. L. F. Calmeil, _De la Folie_. Paris, 1845. Footnote 552: _An Historical Essay concerning Witchcraft._ Footnote 553: Lecky, _History of Rationalism_. Footnote 554: One mediæval writer was said to have estimated the exact number of the various devils, which he stated as 7,405,926; see Jules Garinet, _Histoire de la Magie_, p. xxviii. Paris, 1818. Another declared that there were six principal genera of demons; R. Madden, _Phantasmata_, p. 293. Another author puts the devils at 2,665,866,746,664; see P. Carus, _History of the Devil_, p. 346. London, 1900. Footnote 555: “Quae quidam nefandissima opera si non vere fierent, sed delusoria, vane contra ea fuissent promulgatae leges et in legum ipsarum auctores, etiā in ipsum Deum, ista retorqueretur vanitas; quod extrema blasphemia est.”—B. de Spina, _Quaestio de strigibus_, p. 8. Rome, 1576. Footnote 556: _Sortilège_, p. 599. Paris, 1622. Footnote 557: _A Tryall of Witches, 10th March 1664_, Sir Matthew Hale, Kt. Appendix by C. Clark, p. 20. London, 1838. Footnote 558: _State Trials_, i. Footnote 559: _Saducismus Triumphatus._ Footnote 560: The Roman Catholic view of sorcery and evil spirits is treated at length by R. R. Madden, _Phantasmata_, chap. ix. Footnote 561: