If the Germans of Pennsylvania adopted many words from English, the English speaking population applied the appellation of _German_ or _Dutch_ to unfamiliar varieties of objects, such as a _Dutch cheese_, a _German lock_; or they adopted the original names, as in calling a form of curds _smearcase_ (G. schmierkäse) in the markets and prices current. German forms of food have furnished the vicinal English with _sourcrout_, _mush_, _shtreisslers_, _bretsels_, _fawstnachts_,[70] _tseegercase_, _knep_ (G. Knöpfe, the _k_ usually pronounced), _bower-knep_, _noodles_; and in some of the interior markets, endive must be asked for under the name of 'æntiifi,' even when speaking English. Dutch gives _crullers_, but _stoop_ (of a house) is hardly known. In English conversation one may hear expressions like "He belongs to the _freindschaft_" (he is a kinsman or relation); "It makes me _greisslich_ to see an animal killed" (makes me shudder and revolt with disgust--turns my stomach). A strong word without an English equivalent. The German idiom of using _einmal_ (once) as an expletive, is common, as in "Bring me a chair once," and when a person whose vernacular is English says, "I am through another" (I am confused), he is using a translation of the German _durch einander_, PG. 'dárich ǝnánnǝr.' Of such introduced words, the following deserve mention. =Metsel-soup=, originally pudding broth, the butcher's perquisite, but subsequently applied to a gratuity from the animals he has slaughtered. =Shinner=, G. schinder (a knacker,[71]) an objurgatory epithet applied by butchers to farmers who compete with them in the market. =Speck=, the flitch of salt bacon, particularly when boiled with sourcrout, hence, 'speck and sourcrout.' =Tsitterly=, calf's-foot jelly. =Hartley=, a hurdle for drying fruit. =Snits=, a =snit= (G. schnitz, a cut), a longitudinal section of fruit, particularly apples, and when dried for the kitchen. The term is in use in districts where German is unknown.[72] =Hootsle=, PG. hutsl, G. hotzel, a dried fruit; Bavar. and Suab. hutzel, a dried pear. In Pennsylvania, a peach dried without removing the stone. =Dumb= (G. dumm) is much used for _stupid_. =Fockle= (G. fackel), a fisherman's torch. =Mother= (PG. from G. mutter-weh, not parturition, but) a hysterical rising in the throat. The word occurs in old and provincial English.[73] =Chipmunk=, a ground-squirrel (Tamias); _chip_ probably from its cry, and Swiss _munk_, a marmot. =Spook= (G. Spuk), a spectre; and the verb, as--"It spooks there," "The grave-yard spooks."