=Crĭstkintly= (PG. Krischtkintli, G. Chrĭst Kindlein), the Christ Child who is supposed to load the chrĭstmas trees and bring presents at Christmas. Perverted in the Philadelphia newspapers to _Kriss Kringle_, _Kriss Kingle_, and _Kriss Kinkle_. =Christmas-tree=, a well-known word for a well-known and much used object, but absent from the American dictionaries. =Bellsnickle=, PG. beltsnikkl (G. _Pelz_ a pelt, skin with hair, as a bear-skin, here used as a disguise, and perhaps associated with _peltzen_, to pelt,) and _Nickel_, _Nix_, in the sense of a demon. (Suab. Pelzmärte, as if based on _Martin_). A masked and hideously disguised person, who goes from house to house on christmas eve, beating (or pretending to beat) the children and servants, and throwing down nuts and cakes before leaving. A noisy party accompanies him, often with a _bell_, which has influenced the English name. These, I suppose, were Christmas mummers, though I heard them called "Bell-schnickel."--_Atlantic Monthly_, October, 1869, p. 484. =Gounsh=, n. and v.i. As _to seesaw_ implies reciprocal motion, so _to gounsh_ is to move up and down, as upon the free end of an elastic board. PG. 'Kumm, mr wellǝ gaunschǝ.' (Come, let us gounsh.) Suab. gautschen; Eng. to _jounce_.[74] =Hoopsisaw= (PG. húppsisaa, also provincial German). A rustic or low dance, and a lively tune adapted to it. Inferior lively music is sometimes called 'hoopsisaw music,' 'a hoopsisaw tune.'[75] =Hoove=, v.i. a command to a horse to back, and used by extension as in "The men hooved (demurred) when required to do more work." Used in both senses in the Swiss _hüfen_, imperative _hüf!_ and Schmeller (_Bayr. Wörterb._ 2, 160) gives it as Bavarian. =Hussling-=, or =Hustling-match=, PG. hossl-mætsch (with English _match_), a raffle. From the root of _hustle_, the game being conducted by shaking coins in a hat and counting the resulting heads. =Sock up=, "to make a man sock up," pay a debt, produce his _sack_ or pouch. This is uncertain, because, were a PG. expression to occur like "Du muscht ufsakkǝ" (you must sock up), it might be borrowed from English. =Boof=, peach brandy. In Westerwaldish, _buff_ is water-cider,--cider made by wetting the pomace and pressing it a second time. =Sots=, n. sing. G. satz, home-made 'yeast' as distinguished from 'brewer's-yeast.' =Sandman=, "The sandman is coming,"--said when children get sleepy about bedtime and indicate it by rubbing the eyes. Used thus in Westerwald and Suabia.[76] Children are warned against touching dirt by the exclamation (bæætschi). =Snoot=, for snout, a widespread teutonic form. § 2. _Family Names Modified._