[122] It appears that there was also extemporaneous prayer during the exercises. [123] Why is not Schwenkfeld spoken of by the title _von Ossing_? We read of Ulrich von Hütten, German scholar and reformer. [124] In using the name Schwenkfeld, I have abbreviated it a little, giving it as it is in the New American Cyclopædia, which calls him, however, Von Schwenkfeld. The Cyclopædia, in speaking of his writings, some ninety treatises, says that they are regarded as one of the most valuable sources of the history of the Reformation. [125] A copy of this volume has been deposited for reference in the library of the German Society, Philadelphia. [126] That portion of Silesia which was the home of the Schwenkfelders lies east of Saxony, the home of Count Zinzendorf. It, or the greater part of it, was conquered by Frederick the Great, and added to Prussia. [127] The clergy, _die Gelehrten_. [128] _Erläuterung._—Schwenkfeld appears to have abstained from the sacraments for a great part of his life,—from the outward forms, at least, if we may add the expression. [129] The three folios before spoken of in this article were published within ten years after his death, and it seems possible that the place of printing was omitted on account of the opposition to his works. [130] In the New American Cyclopædia Schwenkfeld is said to have differed from Luther and others upon the deification of the body Christ. In the latter part of this essay this point is spoken of again. [131] Ulm, a town in Würtemberg, on the left bank of the Danube. It was long an imperial free city. [132] This title was probably not in former times their chosen name. In a little inartistic aria, near the close of the _Erläuterung_, they are twice called _die Stillen_, or the quiet ones. Looking in a German dictionary for this word, I find “_die Stillen_” is rendered Quakers. In the same aria they are called _die Friedlichen_, or the peaceful ones. One of Schwenkfeld’s volumes, a collection, states that they were gathered and put in order by _the fellow-confessors and lovers of the glories and truth of Jesus Christ_. [133] As in the principality of Lower Silesia Lutheran preachers had been installed in nearly all the offices, many of the common people who had accepted Schwenkfeld’s teachings stood back in stillness, not being able conscientiously to agree with these teachers. This was very offensive to the parsons, and they soon made use of their high dignity against tender consciences to force such persons to their means of grace,—to make them come to the baptismal font, to the pulpit, and the altar.—_Schwenkfeld’s Erläuterung_, chap. iv. The Schwenkfelders express the opinion that the action of the Lutheran clergy, in calling attention to them, frequently caused their persecution by the Catholic authorities. [134] Digging trenches for military defence, and working the galleys or great boats of the Mediterranean.