The description of a pretended perpetual motion, in which
bellows, to be alternately filled with and emptied of
quicksilver, were employed, may be seen in the "Journal des
Savans" for 1685. It was refuted by Bernouilli and some others,
and it gave rise to a long dispute. The best method which the
inventor could have employed to defend his invention would have
been to construct it, and show it in motion; but this was never
done.
We shall here add another curious anecdote on this subject. One
Orffyreus announced, at Leipsic, in the year 1717, a perpetual
motion, consisting of a wheel which would continually revolve.
This machine was constructed for the Landgrave of Hesse Cassel,
who caused it to be shut up in a place of safety, and the door to
be sealed with his own seal. At the end of forty days, the door
was opened, and the machine was found in motion. This, however,
affords no proof in favor of a perpetual motion; for as clocks
can be made to go a year without being wound up, Orffyreus's
wheel might easily go forty days, and even more.
The result of this pretended discovery is not known. We are
informed that an Englishman offered 80,000 crowns for this
machine; but Orffyreus refused to sell it at that price: in this
he certainly acted wrong, as there is reason to think he obtained
by his invention, neither money, nor even the honor of having
discovered the perpetual motion.
The Academy of Painting at Paris possessed a clock which had
no need of being wound up, and which might be considered as
a perpetual motion, though it was not so. But this requires
some explanation. The ingenious author of this clock employed
the variations in the state of the atmosphere for winding up
his moving weight. Various artifices might be devised for this
purpose; but this is no more a perpetual motion than if the
flux and reflux of the sea were employed to keep the machine
continually going; for this principle of motion is exterior to
the machine, and forms no part of it.
But enough has been said on this chimera of mechanics. We
sincerely hope that none of our readers will ever lose themselves
in the ridiculous and unfortunate labyrinth of such a research.
To conclude, it is false that any reward has been promised by the
European Powers to the person who shall discover the perpetual
motion; and the case is the same in regard to the quadrature of
the circle. It is this idea, no doubt, that excites so many to
attempt the solution of these problems; and it is proper they
should be undeceived.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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