Alborz, being changed into Elburz, became the name of a mountain range on the southern shore of the Caspian sea, and Mount Demavend, its highest peak, is looked upon as the home of the Simurgh, and it is also the scene of many mythical adventures. Footnote 122: xxi. Footnote 123: Trans. by Paul Guieysse. Rec. of P., Vol. III, p. 48. The belief in the celestial origin of the Nile survived in Egypt as lately as the time of Joinville. (Histoire de Saint Louis, Chap. II.) Footnote 124: Hel, the world of the dead, irrespective of character. Footnote 125: The first record of the worship of Ardvi Sura is in a cuneiform inscription by Artaxerxes Mnemon (404-361), in which her name is corrupted into Anahata. Artaxerxes Mnemon appears to have been an eager promoter of her worship, as he is said to have first erected the statues of Venus-Anahita in Babylon, Suza, and Ecbatana, and to have taught her worship to the Persians, the Bactrians, and the people of Damas and Sardes (Clemens Alexandrians, Protrept. 5, on the authority of Berosus; about 260 B.C.). Footnote 126: Hindu Literature, p. 39. Footnote 127: Vendidad, xxi. Footnote 128: Sayce, Lec. Rel. Babylonians, pp. 293-299. Footnote 129: Hymn to Osiris on the stele of Amon-em-ha. Translated by D. Mallet. Rec. of P., IV, 21. Footnote 130: Hindu Literature, p. 267. Footnote 131: Anderson—Norse Mythology, pp. 75-190. Footnote 132: Bahram Yast, vii. Footnote 133: Bahram Yast, xiii. Footnote 134: Minokhirad—62 and 87. Trans. by West. Footnote 135: Rig-veda Sanhita—Wilson’s Trans., Vol. V, p. 102 Footnote 136: Yast, x. Footnote 137: See the Bundehesh. Footnote 138: This word is frequently spelled Daeva. Footnote 139: Yast, viii. Footnote 140: Chinvat, the popular orthography of this word, is adopted as it represents the pronunciation. Footnote 141: History of Vartan by Elisaeus (Newman’s trans.), p. 9. Footnote 142: Gibbon, Chap. 23. Footnote 143: Yast, x. Footnote 144: Hindu Literature, p. 27. DIVISION II. THE PERIOD OF THE ZEND-AVESTA. CHAPTER V. THE ZEND-AVESTA. DERIVATION AND LANGUAGE—DIVISIONS—AGE OF THE ZEND-AVESTA—MANUSCRIPTS— ZARATHUŚTRA—THE EARLY PĀRSĪS—THE MODERN PĀRSĪS.