Ricardo Palma’s _Revista de Lima_ and Carlos Romero’s _Revista Histórica de Lima_, Manuel A. Fuentes’ _Estadística General de Lima_, published in Paris in English as _Lima_ in 1866, give interesting information in regard to that city. When it comes to the Amazonian wonderland no exaggeration could compete with fact. But I have not withstood the temptation wholly on that account! There is Louis Agassiz’ _A Journey in Brazil_, H. W. Bates’ _A Naturalist on the River Amazon_, two books by Alfred Russel Wallace, _Tropical Nature_ and _Life on the Amazon_, Raimondi’s _El Departemento de Loreto_ as well as his _El Peru_, Robert Southey’s _History of Brazil_, and the publications of the _Sociedad Geográfica de Lima_. I am happy to acknowledge my indebtedness to Mr. Wilberforce Eames of the New York Public Library for access to its _Americana_; to Dr. Martin and to Dr. Stevenson of the _Hispanic Society of America_; to Mr. C. L. Chester for many of my pictures; to Dr. F. S. Archenhold, Director of the Treptow _Sternwarte_ at Berlin for the freedom of his library, where I found most of the German works consulted, and to Don Ricardo Palma, former Librarian of the _Biblioteca Nacional de Lima_, for permission to inspect many of his rare books and manuscripts. INDEX _Achachibas_ (piles of stones), 222. Acllahuasi (convent of Sun-Virgins), 207. Acosta, 48, 80, 174, 179, 226, 229, 242, 280, 303. Agassiz, L., 5, 304. Aguarunas, 289, 291, 292. Alameda (Lima), 106, 107; (La Paz), 163. Almagro, Diego de, 73, 89. Alpacas, 54, 157, 226. _See_ llamas, huanacus, vicuñas. Amahuacas, 290. _Amautas_ (wise men), _See_ Incas. Amazon, 5, 6, 10, 123, 124, 141, 233, 236, 237, 245-248, 304. _See_ jungle. Amazons, 236-237. Amiel, 61. Andalusia, New, 84. Andes, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 15, 30, 36, 43, 53, 59, 60, 123, 134, 175, 247, 248, 301, 302; animals of, 155-158; birds of, 168; dangers of, 147-149; description of, 143-148; lakes of, 166-167; light in, 149-150; mines of, 152-154; storm in, 150-151; valleys of, 165, 240-246, 265. _See_ condor, cordillera, Incas, Indians, mines, _puna_, valleys. _Andenes_ (terraces), 183. Antarctic, _See_ ocean, Pacific. Ant-eater, 56, 263, 272. Antis, 197. Aqueducts, _See_ irrigation. Argentina, 121. Arianza, Juan de, 92. Arica, 78. Armada, 91. Armadillo, 263, 272. Armatambo, 104. Atahualpa, 67, 69-71, 77, 136, 188, 215. Atlantic, _See_ ocean. _Auto de fe_, _See_ Inquisition. Aztlan, 113. Badeor, Federico, 79. Balboa, 40, 300, 301. _Balsa_ (boat of reeds), 41, 48, 168, 234. Bandelier, A. F., 234, 299. Bats, 47, 243, 273. Betanzos, 176. Bezoar stone, 225. Bingham, Hiram, 161, 299. Bolivia, 265. _See_ Tiahuanacu. Borax, 32. Bougainvillea, 35, 57, 59, 125. Boussingault, 251. Brazil, 229, 304. Brehm, 264, 281, 304. Bridges, swinging, 123, 165, 185. Brittany, 81, 164, 265. Buccaneers, 81, 236. _See_ El Dorado, freebooters, pirates. Buenos Aires, 85.