If this was the case, they were not, however, quite right. Most kinds
of Polypes very seldom move from one place to another in any way,
but stick themselves upon a rock by means of the flat part of their
bodies, and there remain; and when they let go they generally suffer
themselves to be washed by the waves to some other place, where they
can conveniently fix again. If you have ever been at Brighton, or
at any other places by the sea side, for any length of time, I dare
say you have seen the _sea anemones_, or _sea flowers_, as they are
called, carried round by the fish people to show to their customers;
or possibly you may have seen them in the holes on the rocks. They are
proper Polypes, and the scientific name of them is _Actiniæ_. As they
lead their lazy lives as if they were rooted in the rock, when they are
hungry they spread out their tentacula to catch any little insects or
minute fish, such as crabs and shrimps, which may come in their way.
The instant they feel anything, they close in all their tentacula with
surprising force. It is worth while to put one's finger just in the
centre of one of these "flowers," to feel how strongly they can draw
anything in. I have seen one suck in a little crab half as large as its
own body, in this manner.
When closed up they look an insensible lump of pulpy flesh, but when
their fringe of tentacula is expanded, they are very beautiful indeed,
and exhibit various rich colours. You may see them in each state in the
plate (fig. 1.), where one is represented closed up, and two are open.
If one of these curious creatures is cut into several pieces in certain
directions, each piece will become an animal. You will say that this
seems more like a plant which is propagated by cuttings, than a proper
animal. But for all this, and although it only appears to possess
the same sort of sensibility, in regard to light and touch, as some
plants do, I can give you a very good reason for its being considered
as an animal,--it can move itself according to its own _will_, and
in choosing the time in which it moves, it exhibits instinctive
intelligence. When it finds its little inch of rock in any respect
inconvenient from its being too high above low water mark, or not
sufficiently in the way of the little creatures on which it wants to
satisfy its appetite, it sucks in a great quantity of water, and swells
itself out so as to become nearly as light as the water, and then
looses its hold and continues to float about till it comes in contact
with some more convenient home. When I first saw them thus full of
water, and carried about by the waves, I thought they were dead.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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