Peter Stuyvesant, the Last Dutch Governor of New AmsterdamAbbott, John S. C. (John Stevens Cabot)
History
Peter Stuyvesant, the Last Dutch Governor of New Amsterdam
Abbott, John S. C. (John Stevens Cabot)
New York (State) -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775; Stuyvesant, Peter, 1592-1672
The proclamation issued by the Company, inviting emigrants to settle
upon the lands between the Hudson and the Delaware, attracted much
attention in Europe. Committees were sent to examine the lands which
it was proposed thus to colonize. The region between New Amstel and
Cape Henlopen, being quite unoccupied, attracted much attention. A
company, the members of which may be truly called a peculiar people,
decided to settle there. An extraordinary document was drawn up,
consisting of one hundred and seventeen articles for the government of
the association. In this singular agreement it is written:
"The associates are to be either married men or single men
twenty-four years old, who are free from debt. Each one is
bound to obey the ordinances of the society and not to seek
his own advancement over any other member. No clergyman is
to be admitted into the society. Religious services are to
be as simple as possible. Every Sunday and holiday the
people are to assemble, sing a Psalm and listen to a chapter
from the Bible, to be read by one of the members in
rotation. After this another Psalm is to be sung. At the end
of these exercises the court shall be opened for public
business. The object of the association being to establish a
harmonious society of persons of different religious
sentiments, all intractable people shall be excluded from
it, such as those in communion with the Roman See usurious
Jews, English stiff-necked Quakers, Puritans, fool-hardy
believers in the Millenium and obstinate modern pretenders
to revelation."
While the Company in Holland, were inviting emigrants to their
territory of the New World, with the fullest promises of religious
toleration, their governor, Stuyvesant, was unrelentingly persecuting
all who did not sustain the established religion.
A very quiet, thoughtful, inoffensive man, John Brown, an Englishman,
moved from Boston to Flushing. He was a plain farmer, very retiring in
his habits and a man of but few words. From curiosity he attended a
Quaker meeting. His meditative spirit was peculiarly impressed with
the simplicity of their worship. He invited them to his house, and
soon joined their society. The magistrates informed Stuyvesant that
John Brown's house had become a conventicle for Quakers. Being
arrested, he did not deny the charge, and was fined twenty-five pounds
and threatened with banishment.
The next week a new proclamation was issued, saying,
"The public exercise of any religion but the Reformed, in
houses, barns, ships, woods or fields, will be punished by a
fine of fifty guilders; double for the second offence; and
for the third quadruple with arbitrary correction."
John Brown, either unable or refusing to pay his fine, was taken to
New Amsterdam, where he was imprisoned for three months. An order was
then issued announcing his banishment.
"For the welfare," it was written,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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