Pharmacologia: Fourth American, from the Seventh London EditionParis, John Ayrton
Science
Pharmacologia: Fourth American, from the Seventh London Edition
Paris, John Ayrton
Pharmacognosy; Pharmacology; Pharmacy
Through one or more of the above modes of operation all poisons may be
said to produce their fatal effects. In some cases a poisonous substance
will be found to act in several different ways; thus, the _Nightshade_
is evidently absorbed, carried into the circulation, and is enabled,
through that medium to act upon the brain; at the same time it exerts a
local action upon the stomach, although less violent than that
occasioned by the acrid poisons; it moreover would appear, upon some
occasions, to act directly through the medium of the nerves, like those
substances which have been received in our first class, or else, how
shall we explain the fact of the pupil of the eye becoming permanently
dilated by the contact of the _Belladonna_ with the tunica conjunctiva?
It would appear therefore that this plant unites within itself all the
three great modes of action, upon which I have just attempted to
establish a physiological arrangement of Poisons. So again, _Corrosive
Sublimate_, although placed in the fourth division, as being a substance
which destroys by inflicting local mischief, is nevertheless capable of
being absorbed. The embarrassments, however, which might be supposed to
arise from this double mode of operation, are of but trifling
importance. It is to the primary operation of a poison to which we are
to direct our attention, the subsequent effects are less important in as
much as they are more capable of being controlled.
Having thus offered a summary of our present views respecting the
physiological action of Poisons, we are prepared to lay down a general
plan of treatment, which, it will be seen, can only be successful when
conducted on principles strictly conformable with the just notions which
the preceding experiments have so satisfactorily established.
Where a poisonous substance has, either through accident or design,
found its way into the alimentary canal, three important indications
are, if possible, to be fulfilled; and under these heads I shall offer
such observations as may serve to instruct the practitioner in the
philosophy of the general treatment, reserving the details to be
observed in that of each poison, for more particular notice in a
subsequent part of the work, where the history of these substances will
be individually considered. The indications to which I allude are the
following, viz.
1. _The immediate ejectment of the poison from the body, by the
operation of vomiting and purging._
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