Massinger, Philip, 1583-1640 -- Criticism and interpretation
It is a touch which goes back to Ovid’s _Metamorphoses_, vi. 619:
“Magnum quodcumque paravi: quid sit, adhuc dubito.”
_ 386 Believe as You List_, V., 1, 129; V., 2, 143; _Picture_, I., 2,
127-129 and 152-153; III., 6, 34; IV., 1, 104; IV., 4, 16; V., 3,
48; _Maid of Honour_, V., 1, 20; _Roman Actor_, I., 2, 14; _Great
Duke of Florence_, II., 1, 44; IV., 1, 38; _Bondman_, III., 2, 59;
III., 3, 26; _Parliament of Love_, II., 3, 82; _Emperor of the
East_, I., 1, 95; I., 2, 148; II., 1, 158 and 334; _New Way_, II.,
2, 84; _Bashful Lover_, V., 1, 39; _City Madam_, III., 1, 67. _Cf._
also _Duke of Milan_, IV., 1, 46; _Renegado_, III., 3, 79; IV., 2,
104. Hortensio “kisses the ground” in _Bashful Lover_, III., 3, 124.
This may merely mean to kneel (_cf. ibid._, IV., 1, 168, and
_Thierry and Theodoret_, II., 3); but _cf. Roman Actor_, III., 2,
193.
_ 387 Old Law_, I., 1, 565;_ Believe as You List_, IV., 2, 58-60, 90-92;
_Guardian_, II., 4, 11-13; _Bashful Lover_, II., 6, 13; _Maid of
Honour_, II., 4, 18; IV., 3, 127; _A Very Woman_, II., 1, 71; IV.,
2, 151. Donusa, the Turkish princess, recommends it in _The
Renegado_, III., 2, 83. _Cf._ also _Duke of Milan_, I., 3, 210-212.
_ 388 Guardian_, II., 1, 79-85; _A Very Woman_, V., 6, 40-54. Fletcher is
full of duels; thus the plot of _The Little French Lawyer_ in
largely concerned with a duel. In _Love’s Progress_ we have a duel
in which the seconds fight; they want to do so in _The Honest Man’s
Fortune_. In _Love’s Cure_, V., 3, a duel with seconds is commanded
by the State. The illegality of duels is referred to in _The Maid’s
Tragedy_, V., 4.
389 It is true that this use is not confined to Massinger, being a
common idiom of the day. I quote the passages where the word is not
used in a religious sense: _Maid of Honour_, IV., 3, 81; _Unnatural
Combat_, I., 1, 356; _City Madam_, I., 3, 126; V., 3, 135;
_Guardian_, I., 1, 176; _New Way_, IV., 1, 154. For Webster’s
similar use of the word _cf. The Duchess of Malfi_, p. 61_a_; _The
White Devil_, pp. 29_b_ and 47_a_.
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