Philological Proofs of the Original Unity and Recent Origin of the Human RaceJohnes, Arthur James
History
Philological Proofs of the Original Unity and Recent Origin of the Human Race
Johnes, Arthur James
Ethnology; Human beings -- Origin; Language and languages; Monogenism and polygenism
1. A portion of these synonymes, which were originally used for all the
Heavenly Bodies alike, were exclusively _appropriated_ to the Sun, while
other synonymes were appropriated in like manner to the Moon, &c.; among
different nations the same terms were frequently applied to _different_
luminaries. Thus, in conformity to this principle, the English words “Sun”
and “Moon” will be found to occur in the previous Analysis each applied,
in other languages, to _both_ those luminaries.
2. In some cases the different luminaries were distinguished from each
other in a different manner, viz. two or more synonymes were united into
one compound word, which was employed as the distinctive name of one of
the Heavenly Bodies, as of the Sun, for example, while the “Moon” and the
“Stars” continued to be known by their original names, consisting of
simple synonymes; or received new names, formed by means of _distinct_
compounds.
Examples of the second class abound in the dialects of the American
continent. One example may suffice in this place, by way of illustration:
“Tes-gessu” in some of these dialects means the Sun; in other dialects we
find each of its component elements, “_Tês_” and “_Gessu_,” used
_separately_ as names of the same luminary. In common with many other
important truths, the nature and origin of these compounds are, I
conceive, rendered clearly apparent by an extended range of comparison,
though they seem to have been a source of embarrassment to the
philosophical mind of Du Ponceau, whose valuable inquiries were confined
to a particular class of the dialects of North America.
When the results of the previous Analysis are compared with the previous
collection of African synonymes, used as names of the Heavenly Bodies,
&c., it will be found that _nearly every one_ of these synonymes has been
unequivocally connected with the languages of the other three great
divisions of the globe. The exceptions are too insignificant to be in any
respect deserving of attention, with reference to the objects of this
investigation. The completeness of this explanation of the African terms
may, in the first instance, form a subject of surprise. But, astonishing
as the results of the previous comparison in this respect undoubtedly are,
they are nevertheless precisely the same as we should be led _à priori_ to
expect, on the assumption that the African nations are descended from the
same stock as the inhabitants of the other three continents.(178)
Words For “Man, Woman, Human Being.”
[In the following Analysis, the letter M. marks nouns masculine,
(“Vir,” _Latin_, “Man,” _English_;) F. marks nouns feminine,
(“Fœmina,” _Latin_, “Woman,” _English_;) H. marks terms applied to
a “Human Being,” whether “male” or “female,” (“Homo,” _Latin_,
“Mensch,” _German_;) there is no equivalent expression in the
English language.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account