Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural PhilosophyNewcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Philosophy
Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural Philosophy
Newcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Newcastle, William Cavendish, Duke of, 1592-1676; Philosophy
supernatural and divine gift of the Omnipotent God, who surely will not
give any thing that is not perfect. Wherefore it is not probable, this
Divine Soul, being not subject to Nature, should be an architect of the
body, as having an higher and more divine imployment, _viz._ to fix
her self on her Creator, and being indued with supernatural faculties,
and residing in the body in a supernatural manner; all which I leave to
the Church: for I should be loth to affirm any thing contrary to their
Doctrine, or the Information of the holy Scripture, as grounding my
belief onely upon the sacred Word of God, and its true Interpretation
made by the Orthodox Church; but not upon the opinions of particular
persons: for particular mens opinions are not authentical, being so
different and various, as a man would be puzled which to adhere to.
Thus, _Madam_, I avoid, as much as ever I can, not to mix Divinity
with Natural Philosophy; for I consider, that such a mixture would
breed more confusion in the Church, then do any good to either;
witness the doctrine of the Soul of Man, whereof are so many different
opinions: The onely cause, in my opinion, is, that men do not conceive
the difference between the Divine, and Natural material Soul of Man,
making them both as one, and mixing or confounding their faculties and
proprieties, which yet are quite different; thus they make a Hodg-podg,
Bisk or Olio of both; proving Divinity by Nature, and Faith by Reason;
and bringing Arguments for Articles of Faith, and sacred Mysteries out
of Natural Arts and Sciences; whereas yet Faith and Reason are two
contrary things, and cannot consist together; according to the Proverb,
Where Reason ends, Faith begins. Neither is it possible that Divinity
can be proved by Mathematical Demonstrations; for if Nature be not
able to do it, much less is Art: Wherefore it is inconvenient to mix
supernatural Spirits with Air, Fire, Light, Heat, Cold, &c. and to
apply corporeal actions and qualities to them; and the Divine Soul,
with the Brain, Blood, Flesh, Animal Spirits, Muscles, Nerves, Bones,
&c. of Man; all which makes a confusion betwixt the Mind or Natural
Soul of Man, and the Supernatural and Divine Soul inspired into him by
God; for both their faculties and proprieties are different, and so are
their effects, as proceeding from so different causes. And therefore,
_Madam_, as for Divinity, I pray devoutly, and believe without
disputing; but as for Natural Philosophy, I reason freely, and argue
without believing, or adhering to any ones particular opinion, which I
think is the best and safest way to choose for,
Madam,
_Your faithful Friend,_
_and Servant._
[1] _Of the Immortality of the Soul, l._ 2. _c._ 10.
XXVII.
_MADAM,_
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