Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural PhilosophyNewcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Philosophy
Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural Philosophy
Newcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Newcastle, William Cavendish, Duke of, 1592-1676; Philosophy
make her a Jointure. But leaving those strange opinions to the fancies
of their Authors, I'le add no more, but that I am,
Madam,
_Your faithful Friend,_
_and Servant._
[1] _Antid. l._ 3. _c._ 15. _a._ 3.
VII.
_MADAM,_
Your _Author_ being very earnest in arguing against those that maintain
the opinion of Matter being self-moving, amongst the rest of his
arguments brings in this:[1] _Suppose_, says he, _Matter could move it
self, would meer Matter with self-motion amount to that admirable wise
contrivance of things which we see in the World?--All the evasion I can
imagine, our adversaries may use here, will be this: That Matter is
capable of sense, and the finest and most subtil of the most refined
sense; and consequently of Imagination too, yea happily of Reason and
Understanding._ I answer, it is very probable, that not onely all the
Matter in the World or Universe hath Sense, but also Reason; and that
the sensitive part of matter is the builder, and the rational the
designer; whereof I have spoken of before, and you may find more of it
in my Book of Philosophy. _But,_ says your Author, _Let us see, if all
their heads laid together can contrive the anatomical Fabrick of any
Creature that liveth?_ I answer, all parts of Nature are not bound to
have heads or tayls; but if they have, surely they are wiser then many
a man's. _I demand_, says he, _Has every one of these Particles, that
must have a hand in the framing of the body of an animal, the whole
design of the work by the Impress of some Phantasme upon it? or as
they have several offices, so have they several parts of the design?_
I answer, All the actions of self-moving Matter are not Impresses, nor
is every part a hand-labourer, but every part unites by degrees into
such or such a Figure. Again, says he, _How is it conceiveable that
any one Particle of Matter, or many together, (there not existing, yet
in Nature an animal) can have the Idea Impressed of that Creature they
are to frame?_ I answer, all figures whatsoever have been, are, or can
be in Nature, are existent in nature. _How_, says he, _can they in
framing several parts confer notes? by what language or speech can they
communicate their Counsels one to another?_ I answer, Knowledg doth
not always require speech, for speech is an effect and not a cause,
but knowledg is a cause and not an effect; and nature hath infinite
more ways to express knowledg then man can imagine, _Wherefore_, he
concludes, _that they should mutually serve one another in such a
design, is more impossible, then that so many men, blind and dumb from
their nativity, should joyn their forces and wits together to build a
Castle, or carve a statue of such a Creature, as none of them knew any
more in several, then some one of the smallest parts thereof, but not
the relation it bore to the whole._ I answer, Nature is neither blind
nor dumb, nor any ways defective, but infinitely wise and knowing;
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