_An _Appendix_ to the _Directions_ for Seamen, bound for far Voyages._ Whereas it may be of good use, both _Naval_ and _Philosophical_, to know, both how to sound depths of the sea _without a Line_, and to fetch up water from any depth of the same; the following waies have been contrived by Mr. _Hook_ to perform both; (which should have been added to the lately printed _Directions for Seamen_, if then it could have been conveniently done.) {148} [Illustration] _First_, for the sounding of depths without a Cord, consider _Figure_ 1, and accordingly take a Globe of _Firr_, or _Maple_, or other light Wood, as A: let it be well secured by Vernish, Pitch, or otherwise, from imbibing water; then take a piece of Lead or Stone, D, considerably heavier then will sink the Globe: let there be a long Wire-staple B, in the Ball A, and a springing Wire C, with a bended end F, and into the said staple, press in with your fingers the springing Wire on the bended end: and on it hang the weight D, by its ring E, and so let Globe and all sink gently into the water, in the posture represented in the first _Figure_, to the bottom, where the weight D touching first, is thereby stopt; but the Ball, being by the _Impetus_, it acquired in descending, carried downwards a little after the weight is stopt, suffers the springing wire to fly back, and thereby sets it self at liberty to reascend. And, by observing the time of the Ball's stay under water (which may be done by a Watch, having minuts and seconds, or by a good Minut-glass, or best of all, by a Pendulum vibrating seconds) you will by this way, with the help of some _Tables_, come to know any depth of the sea. Note, that care must be had of proportioning the weight and shape of the Lead, to the bulk, weight, and figure of the Globe, after such a manner, as upon experience shall be found most convenient. In some of the Tryals already made with this Instrument, the Globe being of Maple-wood, well covered with Pitch to hinder soaking in, was 5-13/16 inches in diameter, and weighed 21/2 pounds: the Lead of 41/2 pounds weight, was of a _Conical_ figure, 11. inches long, with the sharper end downwards, 1-9/16 inches at the top, and 1/16 at the bottom in diameter. And in those Experiments, made in the _Thames_, in the depth of 19. foot water, there passed between the Immersion and Emersion of the Globe, 6. seconds of an hour; and in the depth of 10. foot water, there passed 31/2 seconds or thereabout: From many of which kind of Experiments it will likely not be hard to finde {149} out a method to calculate, what depth is to be concluded from any other time of the like Globes stay under water. [Illustration]