Philosophical transactions, Vol. L. Part II. For the year 1758.: Giving some account of the present undertakings, studies, and labours, of the ingenious, in many considerable parts of the world.Various
History
Philosophical transactions, Vol. L. Part II. For the year 1758.: Giving some account of the present undertakings, studies, and labours, of the ingenious, in many considerable parts of the world.
Various
Science -- Periodicals
And here it may be worth while to observe, that all the terms preceding
_that_ at which the operation (in any case) begins, may (provided they
exceed not in number the given interval _n_) be intirely disregarded,
as having no effect at all in the result. For if in that part ((-_a_ -
_bx_) ⁄ _xx_) of the value of _S´_, above exhibited, in which the first
terms, _a_ and _bx_, enter, there be substituted _px_, _qx_, _rx_,
successively, for _x_ (according to the _prescript_) the sum of the
quantities thence arising will be
- _a_ ⁄ (_p_²_x_²) - _a_ ⁄ (_q_²_x_²) - _a_ ⁄ (_r_²_x_²)
- _b_ ⁄ _px_ - _b_ ⁄ _qx_ - _b_ ⁄ _rx_
which, because _p_³ = 1, _q_³ = 1, &c. (or _p_² = 1 ⁄ _p_, _q_² = 1 ⁄
_q_, &c.) may be expressed thus;
- _a_ ⁄ _xx_ × (_p_ + _q_ + _r_)
- _b_ ⁄ _x_ × (_p_² + _q_² + _r_²)
But, that _p_ + _q_ + _r_ = 0, and _p_² + _q_² + _r_² = 0, hath been
already shewn; whence the truth of the general observation is manifest.
Hence it also appears, that the method of solution above delivered,
is not only general, but includes this singular beauty and advantage,
that in all series’ whatever, whereof the terms are to be taken
according to the same assigned order, the quantities (_p_, _q_, _r_,
&c.), whereby the resolution is performed, will remain invariably the
same. The greater part of these quantities are indeed _imaginary_ ones;
and so likewise will the quantities be that result from them, when
substitution is made in the given expression for the value of _S_. But
by adding, as is usual in like cases, every two corresponding values,
so resulting together, all marks of _impossibility_ will disappear.
If, in the series to be summed, the alternate terms (_viz._ the 2d,
4th, 6th, _&c._) should be required to be taken under signs contrary to
what they have in the original series given; the reasoning and result
will be no-ways different; only, instead of making _p_³ + _q_³ + _r_³
(or _pⁿ_ + _qⁿ_ + _rⁿ_, &c.) = +3 (or +_n_), the same quantity must,
here, be made = -3 (or -_n_). From whence, _pⁿ_ being = -1, _qⁿ_ = -1,
&c. the values of _p_, _q_, _r_, &c. will, in this case, be the roots
of the equation _zⁿ_ + 1 = 0.
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