Philosophy should make us know the ends of life, and the elements in life that have value on their own account. However our freedom may be limited in the causal sphere, we need admit no limitations to our freedom in the sphere of values: what we judge good on its own account we may continue to judge good, without regard to anything but our own feeling. Philosophy cannot itself determine the ends of life, but it can free us from the tyranny of prejudice and from distortions due to a narrow view. Love, beauty, knowledge, and joy of life: these things retain their lustre however wide our purview. And if philosophy can help us to feel the value of these things, it will have played its parts in man’s collective work of bringing light into a world of darkness. INDEX Æther or empty space, 107 Analogy, positive and negative, 271 _Analysis of Sensations_ (Mach), 292 _Animal Intelligence_ (Thorndike), 30 Animal learning, study of, 29 ff. Thorndike’s laws of, 31 f. learned reactions, 35 f. _A priori_, causation not regarded as, 150 knowledge, 249 f., 265 probability, on Keynes’s theory, is, 274 logic, 296 Aristotle, 226 Association, principle of, 33 f., 48, 64, 180 Aston, Dr. F. W., 99 Atom, theory of the, 98 ff. centre from which radiations travel, 157 philosophical consequences of modern study of the, 293 Attention, 205 Bacon, 80 Behaviourism, its view of man, 70 ff. where it breaks down as a final philosophy, 129 dilemma put to, 133 its propositions as to thought examined, 169 ff. and logic, 263 _Behaviourism_ (Watson), 22, 31, 33 “Belief”, 254, 258 ff. definition of, 261 Beliefs, defects in common, 3 ff. Bergson, 71, 73, 198 Berkeley, 246 f. _Bodily Changes in Pain, Hunger, Fear and Rage_ (Cannon), 218 Body, human, 25, 139 Bohr, Niels, his addition to the theory of atoms, 101 ff. Bradley, monistic view of, 251 criticism of his argument against relations, 252 Braithwaite, R. B., 269 Brentano, 202 Broad, Dr., 188, 195, 282, 292 Buddha, 227 Butler, Samuel, 71 Cannon, 218 Cantor, Georg, 296 Casuistry, 225 Causation, as an _a priori_ belief, 5, 150 notion of “necessary” sequence, 115 conception of, in science, 144 ff. “Cause”, Kant’s category of, 248 f. “Chrono-geography”, 283 Cognition, 61, 202 f., 217 Conation, 202 Conception, 203 “Conditioned reflexes”, 35 Confucius, 227 Conscience, 228 “Consciousness”, 60 William James’s views on, 210 two different meanings of the word, 210 criticism of common sense view of, 211 ff. self, 214 William James’s views approved, 217 one kind of mnemic effect, 288 Continuity in nature, 108 Correlation, laws of, 117 _Critique of Practical Reason_ (Kant), 249 Curiosity, 220 Dalton, 98 “Data”, 266 f., 276 De Broglie, 278 Decalogue, the, 227 Descartes, 9, 162 ff., 237 ff.