Atmosphere, friction of, produces fires, 9, 39; upper portion dry and hot, 39, 60, 65, 78; possesses unity or continuity, 52, 57; place of, in universe, 54; earthy elements of, 56, 60; tension of, 56; lowest portion dense and dark, 60, 184; and warmer than the rest, 183; distribution of temperature in, 60, 184; causes of movements of, 61; relation of, to the ether, 65, 66; adapted to transmit sound, 77; rarefied, kindles fire, 100, 205; by violent movement sets itself on fire, 102; proof that it is never absolutely motionless, 193; possesses a native capacity of movement, 197. Atoms, the world a fortuitous concourse of, 7. Augury, kinds of, 79, 80, 82. Augustus, 9, 12, 42, 211, 290. Auster (Wind), 210. ^_a_ Authorities (various, not specified by name, but spoken of as “certain,” “some,” etc.), 18, 31, 35, 57, 63, 67, 73, 75, 93, 101, 110, 116, 118, 119, 122, 135, 148 (2), 150, 182, 184, 186, 230, 233, 236, 238, 239, 242, 243, 244, 283. Avarice, denounced, 207. Bactra, 215. In Central Asia (Balkh). ^_a_ Balbillus, 171. Governor of Egypt in Nero’s reign, 53. Balkan Mountains; _see_ Haemus. Baths, heating of water of, 136; effect of Campanian earthquake on tiled floor of, 264. Bathyllus, 307. A native of Alexandria, freedman at Rome during reign of Augustus; perfected a pantomimic or ballet dance. Bear (Great), 208. Belus, 151. Babylonian deity. ^_a_ Berosus, 151. Priest of Belus, about 250 B.C. Black Sea; _see_ Pontus. Boeotia, 137. District in Central Greece. Boreas (Wind), 208. Bothynae (meteors), 37. Breezes, morning, 195, 198. Buris; _see_ Helice. ^_a_ Caecina, 86, 94, 95, 100. A friend and correspondent of Cicero, about 48 B.C. Caesar (Julius), 166, 213, 290. Caius (Emperor Caligula), 163, 164. Calabria, 211. District in extreme S.E. of Italy. ^_a_ Callimachus, 172. Grammarian and poet; chief librarian of Alexandrine library, 260–240 B.C. ^_a_ Callisthenes, 254 (6), 258, 276, 277. Relative and pupil of Aristotle, friend and victim of Alexander the Great. Cambyses, 78. King of Persia, 529–522 B.C. Campania, 221 (2), 224 (2), 225, 239, 257, 259 (adj.), 264, 265. District in Italy containing Capua, Naples, etc. Cancer (sign of the Zodiac), 151. Cannae, 209. In Apulia. Cannon, ancient types of, 67. Capitol, 91. Cappadocia, 138. Centre of Asia Minor. Capricorn (sign of the Zodiac), 151. Caria, 132, 142 (adj.). S.W. of Asia Minor. Carthage, 110, 166. Caspian, 153. Cassander, 122. Son of Antipater, regent of Macedonia; eventually king of Macedonia; died 297 B.C. Castor and Pollux, 11. Constellation and sign of the Zodiac (Gemini). Cataegis (Wind), 211. Cataracts (Nile), 168. Caucasus, 173. Caves with noxious air, 134; felt to be warmer in winter than in summer, 176, 241.