Physiological economy in nutrition, with special reference to the minimal proteid requirement of the healthy man: an experimental studyChittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Science
Physiological economy in nutrition, with special reference to the minimal proteid requirement of the healthy man: an experimental study
Chittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Metabolism; Nutrition
Let us briefly consider the main facts. The writer, of 57 kilos
body-weight, showed for nearly nine consecutive months an average daily
metabolism of 5.7 grams of nitrogen. During the last two months the
daily metabolism averaged 5.4 grams of nitrogen. As body-weight and
nitrogen equilibrium were both maintained under these conditions, it is
certainly fair to assume that the physiological needs of the body were
fully met. These figures imply a metabolism, in the first instance, of
0.1 gram of nitrogen per kilo of body-weight, while the lower figure
shows a metabolism of 0.094 gram of nitrogen per kilo of body-weight. We
may call this latter amount the minimal nitrogen requirement for this
particular individual, under which health, strength, and vigor can be
fully maintained. This lower nitrogen figure shows that the needs of
this particular individual for proteid material are met by the metabolism
of 33.75 grams of proteid per day. Hence, one-third the usually accepted
standard of proteid is quite sufficient for the wants of this particular
person, and this too with a quantity of non-nitrogenous food far below
the daily amount called for by ordinary physiological rules. A fuel value
of 2000 calories per day was fully adequate to meet the ordinary wants of
the body.
Dr. Mendel, with a body-weight of 70 kilos, showed for seven consecutive
months an average daily metabolism of 6.53 grams of nitrogen, likewise
with maintenance of health, strength, body equilibrium, and nitrogenous
equilibrium. This figure implies a nitrogen metabolism of 0.093 gram per
kilo of body-weight and shows that the wants of the body—in his case—can
be fully met by a metabolism of 40.8 grams of proteid matter daily, and
this likewise without increasing the amount of non-nitrogenous food
ingested. Indeed, a total fuel value of 2500 calories per day was quite
sufficient for all the needs of his body under the existing conditions.
Dr. Underhill, with a body-weight of 65 kilos, showed for six consecutive
months a proteid metabolism equal to 7.81 grams of nitrogen per day,
while for the last two months the daily average excretion of nitrogen was
only 6.68 grams. These figures mean respectively a nitrogen metabolism
of 0.120 and 0.102 gram of nitrogen per kilo of body-weight. Here, too,
as in the preceding cases, this lowered rate of proteid metabolism was
maintained without increasing the total fuel value of the food and with a
continuance of health and strength.
Messrs. Dean and Beers, with body-weights of 64 and 61.5 kilos
respectively, likewise kept up their health and strength for a long
period of time with a nitrogen metabolism averaging 8.99 and 8.58 grams
of nitrogen per day, _i. e._, with a metabolism of 0.140 and 0.139 gram
of nitrogen per kilo of body-weight respectively, and this with a total
fuel value in their daily food averaging not more than 2500 calories.
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