Physiological Researches on Life and DeathBichat, Xavier
Science
Physiological Researches on Life and Death
Bichat, Xavier
Death (Biology); Life (Biology)
The reason of this anatomical fact is simple. The circulation
which has been suddenly interrupted, has not had time to fill the
vessels of the lungs, as happens when death begins, by affecting
the lungs or the brain. The truth of this fact I can vouch for,
having frequently ascertained it by dissection, and in general, as
often as death commences by the heart, or the larger vessels, such
vacuity of the lungs may be considered as universal.
I have remarked it in the bodies of persons who have died from
great hemorrhage from wounds or aneurismal rupture and violent
passion, as well as in those who have suffered by the guillotine.
The same phenomenon may be seen, by inspecting the lungs of any
animal, which is killed in our butcheries.
In killing the animal slowly by the lungs, that organ might be
filled with blood. Its taste would then be different from that
which it naturally possesses, and resemble that of the spleen. Our
cooks know well how to take advantage of that state of infiltration
in which the latter viscus is generally found.
FOOTNOTES:
[73] Life is so obscure in the tendons, ligaments, &c. that it is
impossible to fix the moment when it ceases in these parts. How
then has Bichat been able to compare the quickness of their death
with that of the other organs? Upon what data has he been able to
determine that it takes place more slowly?
[74] The secretion of mucus, the growth of the nails, the beard and
the hair often continue on the dead body long after the last traces
of irritability have disappeared in the muscles of locomotion, in
the fleshy coats of the intestines, &c.
[75] Since more care has been taken in examining the lesions of
different organs in post mortem examinations, there is no longer
found those fatty polypi, which were formerly considered as
causes of death. It is probable that those yellowish concretions
of albuminous matter which are found between the pillars of the
auricle, and which seem to be fixed there, were mistaken for
polypi. There is sometimes found in individuals formerly affected
with the venereal disease, vegetations near the valves; but these
productions are commonly too trifling to oppose the expulsion of
the blood contained in the cavity.
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