Physiology: The Science of the BodyMartin, Ernest G.
Science
Physiology: The Science of the Body
Martin, Ernest G.
Physiology
than those of man; this intermediate length of the human intestine is
ordinarily looked upon as indicating that man is adapted to a mixed
diet, being neither strictly a flesh-eating nor strictly a
vegetable-eating animal.
During the slow passage of the food mass through the small intestine the
processes of digestion and absorption are completed, so that very little
material enters the large intestine except the indigestible parts of the
original food. These are made up mostly of cellulose and similar
indigestible vegetable materials, but they include also indigestible
fragments of gristle and other meat remnants. It is also worthy of note
that the amount of water does not decrease much during the passage of
material through the small intestine; in other words the material that
enters the large intestine is about as liquid as that which passes from
the stomach in to the small intestine. This does not mean that there is
no absorption of water from the small intestine; in fact, water that we
drink is probably absorbed quite rapidly; what it does mean is that
enough water is secreted into the intestine from the blood in the lower
parts to keep the whole mass liquid; this is of course important as an
aid both to digestion and absorption.
The large intestine, as its name implies, is a tube of much larger
diameter than the small; it begins low down on the right-hand side,
passes up to about the level of the stomach, then across the body and
down on the left-hand side, making thus a sort of inverted “U” in the
abdomen; the space within the “U” is filled up by the loops and coils of
the small intestine. The first part of the large intestine is devoted to
the absorption of water; the result of this absorption is to leave the
contents of the large intestine in a semidry condition; absorption of
water goes on continuously, so that the longer the material remains in
the large bowel, the drier will it become. In the ordinary course of
events the material, as it is dried out, is passed along through the
large intestine and at intervals, which should not exceed twenty-four
hours, the accumulated material is discharged from the body.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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