No. II. Black-Stone made medicine. The “medicine men” have no connection with therapeutics, feel no pulses, and administer no drugs, or, if sometimes they direct the internal or external use of some secret preparation, it is as a part of superstitious ceremonies, and with main reliance upon those ceremonies they “put forth the charm, of woven paces and of waving hands,” utter wild cries, and muddle in blood and filth until they sometimes work themselves into an epileptic condition. Their incantations are not only to drive away disease, but for many other purposes, such as to obtain success in war, avert calamity, and very frequently to bring within reach the buffalo, on which the Dakotas depended for food. The rites are those known as Shamanism, noticeable in the ethnic periods of savagery and barbarism. In the ceremonial of “making medicine,” a buffalo head, and especially that of an albino, held a prominent place among the plains tribes. Many references to this are to be found in the Prince of Wied’s Travels in the interior of North America; London, 1843; also see _infra_, pages 118, 122 and 195. The device in the chart is the man-figure, with the head of an albino buffalo held over his own. No. III. A Minneconjou Dakota, named Little-Tail, first made “medicine” with white buffalo cow-skin. Mato Sapa says: A Minneconjou, named Little-Tail, first made medicine with white buffalo cow-skin. Major Bush same as last. American-Horse gives for the preceding year, 1809-’10: Black-Rock was killed by the Crows. 1811-’12.--No. I. Twenty-seven Mandans surrounded and killed by Dakotas.