No. II. The wild horses were first run and caught by the Dakotas. The device is a lasso. The date is of value, as showing when the herds of prairie horses, descended from those animals introduced by the Spaniards in Mexico, or those deposited by them on the shores of Texas and at other points, had multiplied so as to extend into the far northern regions. The Dakotas undoubtedly learned the use of the horse and perhaps also that of the lasso from southern tribes, with whom they were in contact; and it is noteworthy that notwithstanding the tenacity with which they generally adhere to ancient customs, in only two generations since they became familiar with the horse they have been so revolutionized in their habits as to be utterly helpless, both in war and the chase, when deprived of that animal. No. III. Dakotas first used lariat (_sic_) for catching wild horses. Battiste Good says for the preceding year, 1811-’12: “First-hunted-horses winter.” He adds: “The Dakotas caught wild horses in the sand-hills with braided lariats.” American-Horse also, for 1811-’12, says: They caught many wild horses south of the Platte River. White-Cow-Killer calls 1811-’12 “Catching-wild-horses winter.” Major Bush says: Dakotas first made use of lariat in catching wild horses. 1813-’14--No. I. Many Indians died of cold (consumption). No. II. The whooping-cough was very prevalent and fatal. The sign is ludicrously suggestive of a blast of air coughed out by the man-figure. No. III. Dakotas had whooping-cough, very fatal. The interruption in the cough is curiously designed. An attempt at the same thing is made in Chart 1, and a less marked attempt appears in No. II. 1814-’15--No. I. Hunchback, a Brulé, killed by Utes. No. II. A Dakota killed an Arapaho in his lodge. The device represents a tomahawk or battle-ax, the red being blood from the cleft skull. The Arapahos long dwelt near the head-waters of the Arkansas and Platte Rivers, and in 1822 numbered by report 10,000. No. III. A Wetapahata (a stranger Indian, whose nationality was not identified by the interpreter) Indian killed by a Brulé Dakota, while on a visit to the Dakota. Mato Sapa says: a Wetopahata Indian was killed by a Brulé Sioux while on a visit to the Dakotas. Major Bush says the same, but spells the word Watahpahata. Riggs gives Wí-ta-pa-ha, the Kiowas, and Ma-qpí-ya-to, the Arapahos, in the Dakota Dictionary. [Illustration: BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT PL. XIV 1815-’16. 1816-’17. 1817-’18. THE DAKOTA WINTER COUNTS.] 1815-’16.--No. I. Large dirt lodge made by Sans Arcs. The figure at the top of the lodge is a bow.