France grows a large quantity of poppy-seed at home, over 100,000 acres having been returned as under this crop some few years since. The French oil is of two kinds, a white cold-drawn oil, and a coarser oil obtained by a second expression and from inferior seed, the total yield being 40 per cent. The finer oil is fit for alimentary purposes, and is largely used to adulterate olive-oil; it is also employed as a lamp-oil, and very extensively by artists for grinding light pigments, as, though possessing less strength and tenacity than linseed-oil, it keeps its colour better. The pure oil has a golden-yellow tint and agreeable flavour; its sp. gr. is 0·924 at 59° F.; it solidifies at 0° F., and remains long in this state at 28½° F., is slow to become rancid, and saponifies readily; dissolves in 25 parts cold and 6 parts boiling alcohol, and dries in the air more rapidly than linseed oil. _Glaucium luteum_ is a common plant on the sandy shores of the Mediterranean, the western coast of Europe as far as Scandinavia, and some parts of North America. It is very hardy and cultivated with little trouble. It prefers stony and chalky soils, where few other plants will thrive, and has therefore been recommended for culture on such otherwise waste land. Under cultivation, it affords about 10 bush. of seed per acre. The seed contains 42½ per cent. of oil, and yields about 32 per cent. by pressure. The oil obtained by cold expression is devoid of odour and flavour, and has a sp. gr. of 0·913. It is applicable to culinary and illuminating purposes, as well as for soap-making and paint. The cake is a good phosphatic manure. It seems to have been very little utilised, probably on account of the comparatively small yield of seed. TOBACCO-SEED OIL.--The seeds of the tobacco-plant contain about 30 per cent. of a fatty oil, which is extracted by powdering them, kneading them into a stiff paste with hot water, and pressing hot. The oil is clear, limpid, golden-yellow in colour, inodorous, and mild flavoured; its density is 0·923 at 59° F.; it remains liquid at 6° F., dissolves in 168 parts of alcohol at 0·811 sp. gr., and saponifies readily. One authority excludes it from the drying oils; another considers its drying quality to be unusually developed, and recommends it for paints and varnishes. WALNUT OIL.--The common walnut (_Juglans regia_) is found native from Greece and Asia Minor, over Lebanon and Persia, along the Indu Kush to the Himalayas, and from the Caucasus almost throughout China, besides having been introduced generally throughout temperate Europe. In portions of the Alps and Apennines, it is very abundant, and is fairly plentiful in the forests of Lazistan, on the Black Sea, but is perhaps most common in Cashmere, whence come the walnuts imported into the plains of India.