that they were the “sixth,” or “seventh” or “eighth” edition, as the case might be, which had appeared “since 1801.” Whether this statement is the basis of the claim that the first edition of the _Navigator_ was published in 1801, is not known, but the fact remains, that no trace of any _Navigator_ issued in that year can be found. Nor are there any known copies of the two earliest editions, whatever the year of their publication. The earlier editions were small octavo pamphlets bound in coarse paper covers, the third containing forty pages. In this edition Cramer declared that he had obtained the information set forth “From the journals of gentlemen of observation, and now minutely corrected by several persons who have navigated those rivers for fifteen and twenty years.” It contained a description of and directions for navigating the Ohio River, with only a description of the Mississippi. Directions for navigating the latter stream came in later editions. When Cramer began publishing his early _Navigators_, France still owned the Louisiana Territory. Louisiana was considered a great land of promise throughout the United States, and merchants and intending emigrants cast longing eyes in its direction. After Louisiana was purchased, the succeeding editions of the _Navigator_ contained much detailed information regarding it. A flood of emigration to the territory set in, most of the emigrants going by way of Pittsburgh; and there was a pronounced and constant increase in the sales of the _Navigators_. Captain Meriwether Lewis, and Captain William Clark made their famous expedition from the mouth of the Missouri River through the interior of the United States in the years 1804, 1805, and 1806. In 1807 Cramer published the first account of the undertaking, being the _Journal of Patrick Gass_, a member of the expedition. From this book Cramer compiled an account of the Missouri and Columbia rivers, which appeared in the _Navigator_ for 1808, and in many subsequent editions. Each succeeding edition of the _Navigator_ was an improvement on the one that preceded it. Every edition contained a description, short or long, of the “towns, posts, harbors, and settlements” on the rivers of which the work treated, the matter relating to Pittsburgh being particularly valuable, and as the editions increased in size, the descriptive matter grew in volume.