Plant Lore, Legends, and Lyrics: Embracing the Myths, Traditions, Superstitions, and Folk-Lore of the Plant KingdomFolkard, Richard
History
Plant Lore, Legends, and Lyrics: Embracing the Myths, Traditions, Superstitions, and Folk-Lore of the Plant Kingdom
Folkard, Richard
Plants -- Folklore
that noxious plant, he should pluck it quickly, in order that men and
beasts might be injured by it no more.
The Bear has given its name to several English plants. The _Primula
Auricula_, on account of the shape of its leaves, is called Bear’s
Ears; the _Helleborus fœtidus_, for a similar reason, is known as
Bears Foot; _Meum athamanticum_ is Bear’s-wort; _Allium ursinum_,
Bear’s Garlic; and _Arctostaphylos uva ursi_, Bear’s Berry, or Bear’s
Bilberry; the three last plants being favourite food of Bears. The
Acanthus used at one time to be called Bear’s Breech, but the name has
for some unaccountable reason been transferred to the Cow Parsnip,
_Heracleum Sphondylium_. In Italy the name of _Branca orsina_ is
given to the Acanthus. This plant was considered by Dioscorides a
cure for burns. Pliny says that Bear’s grease had the same property.
De Gubernatis states that two Indian plants, the _Argyreia argentea_
and the _Batatas paniculata_, bear Sanscrit names signifying “Odour
pleasing to Bears.”
The Bull has given its name to some few plants. _Tussilago Farfara_,
generally called Coltsfoot, is also known as Bull’s-Foot; _Centaurea
nigra_ is Bull’s-weed; _Verbascum Thapsus_ is Bullock’s Lungwort,
having been so denominated on account of its curative powers,
suggested, on the Doctrine of Signatures, by the similarity of its
leaf to the shape of a dewlap. The purple and the pale spadices of
_Arum maculatum_ are sometimes called Bulls and Cows. The Great Daisy
is Ox-Eye; the _Primula elatior_, Ox-Lip; the _Helminthia echioides_,
Ox-Tongue; and the _Helleborus fætidus_, Ox-Heel. The _Antirrhinum_ and
_Arum maculatum_ are, from their resemblance in shape, respectively
known as Calf’s Snout and Calf’s Foot.
Cats have several representative plants. From its soft flower-heads,
the _Gnaphalium dioicum_ is called Cat’s Foot; from the shape of its
leaves, the _Hypochæris maculata_ is known as Cat’s Ear; the Ground
Ivy, also from the shape of its leaves, is Cat’s Paw; two plants are
known as Cat’s Tail, viz., _Typha latifolia_ and _Phleum pratense_.
_Euphorbia helioscopia_, on account of its milky juice, is Cat’s Milk;
and, lastly, _Nepeta cataria_ is denominated Cat-Mint, because, as
Gerarde informs us in his ‘Herbal,’ “Cats are very much delighted
herewith: for the smell of it is so pleasant unto them, that they rub
themselves upon it, and wallow or tumble in it, and also feed on the
branches very greedily.” We are also told by another old writer that
Cats are amazingly delighted with the root of the plant Valerian; so
much so, that, enticed by its smell, they at once run up to it, lick
it, kiss it, jump on it, roll themselves over it, and exhibit almost
uncontrollable signs of joy and gladness. There is an old rhyme on the
liking of Cats for the plant _Marum_, which runs as follows:--
“If you set it,
The Cats will eat it;
If you sow it,
The Cats will know it.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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